What are the 5 layers of atmosphere and their characteristics?

Layers of the atmosphere
  • The Troposphere. This is the lowest part of the atmosphere – the part we live in. …
  • The Stratosphere. This extends upwards from the tropopause to about 50 km. …
  • The Mesosphere. The region above the stratosphere is called the mesosphere. …
  • The Thermosphere and Ionosphere. …
  • The Exosphere. …
  • The Magnetosphere.

What is one characteristic of each atmospheric layer?

Each layer is characterized by a different gradient of the temperature as a function of altitude.

What characteristic separates the 4 layers of the atmosphere from each other?

The atmosphere of the Earth is divided into four layers: troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere and Thermosphere, and they are separated based on temperature.

What are the 4 characteristics of thermosphere?

Characteristics of Thermosphere

It is located above the mesosphere and is the fourth layer of the earth. Its temperature changes with solar activity. In its interior sublayer i.e. ionosphere the radio waves are reflected. The boundary between the thermosphere and the exosphere is called Thermopause.

What is the characteristic of troposphere?

This layer has the air we breathe and the clouds in the sky. The air is densest in this lowest layer. In fact, the troposphere contains three-quarters of the mass of the entire atmosphere. The air here is 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen.

What is the characteristic of stratosphere?

Calm & stable layer

The stratosphere is a very calm & stable layer unlike the troposphere, which is a turbulent layer. This layer is calm and stable because of the absence of any vertical air currents. The reason for this is that the vertical air current flows from the warmer (lower ) layer to the colder (upper) layer.

What is the characteristic of mesosphere?

The mesosphere is directly above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It extends from about 50 to 85 km (31 to 53 miles) above our planet. Temperature decreases with height throughout the mesosphere. The coldest temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere, about -90° C (-130° F), are found near the top of this layer.

What is the function of exosphere?

Functions of the Exosphere

Its functions to act as a transitional medium to a zone under the influence of gravity. It also helps the atoms to escape from the atmosphere to outer space. Unlike other atmospheric layers, it is the only layer of the atmosphere that has a definite shape.

What happens in the stratosphere?

The stratosphere is where you’ll find the very important ozone layer. The ozone layer helps protect us from ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. In fact, the ozone layer absorbs most of the UV radiation the sun sends to us. Life as we know it wouldn’t be possible without this layer of protection.

What are the characteristics of the mesosphere layer of the atmosphere?

The mesosphere is directly above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It extends from about 50 to 85 km (31 to 53 miles) above our planet. Temperature decreases with height throughout the mesosphere. The coldest temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere, about -90° C (-130° F), are found near the top of this layer.

What is the characteristics of mesosphere?

Some of its defining characteristics are: It is found 50 to 85 km or 31 to 53 miles above the Earth. The temperature of the mesosphere decreases as the altitude increases. There are noctilucent clouds or night-shining clouds that can be seen in the mesosphere whose nuclei may come from meteoric smoke.

What are the characteristics of each of Earth’s layers within the geosphere?

The Earth’s geosphere is divided into three chemical sections: The crust, composed almost entirely of light elements, like silicon. The mantle, which is 68% of the Earth’s mass. The core, the innermost layer; it is composed of very dense elements, such as nickel and iron.

What are the properties of the troposphere and ionosphere?

Answer: Troposphere: It is the first layer of the atmosphere. It is the layer were living and non-living things interact with each other(biosphere). Ionosphere: Ionosphere layer present in the Thermosphere helps in radio transmission.

What are the characteristics of the outer core?

Outer Core The outer core, about 2,200 kilometers (1,367 miles) thick, is mostly composed of liquid iron and nickel. The NiFe alloy of the outer core is very hot, between 4,500° and 5,500° Celsius (8,132° and 9,932° Fahrenheit).

What is the function of exosphere?

Functions of the Exosphere

Its functions to act as a transitional medium to a zone under the influence of gravity. It also helps the atoms to escape from the atmosphere to outer space. Unlike other atmospheric layers, it is the only layer of the atmosphere that has a definite shape.

What is the most important characteristic of the thermosphere?

Explanation: The thermosphere is very high above the Earth and is distinguished by an increase in temperature with altitude. The density of the air is extremely low, but the activity of the molecules are very high due to the amount of energy they are receiving from the sun.

What is the characteristics of mantle?

The mantle is the mostly-solid bulk of Earth’s interior. The mantle lies between Earth’s dense, super-heated core and its thin outer layer, the crust. The mantle is about 2,900 kilometers (1,802 miles) thick, and makes up a whopping 84% of Earth’s total volume.

What is the characteristic of lithosphere?

The lithosphere is the rocky outer part of Earth. It is made up of the brittle crust and the top part of the upper mantle. The lithosphere is the coolest and most rigid part of Earth.