What are nitro compounds called?

Compounds are often categorized by the type of bond that holds them together. There are two primary types of bonds: Covalent bonds. Bonding occurs when two nonmetal atoms share pairs of electrons to form a stable bond. Examples of covalent compounds include water, carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen chloride (HCl).

What are nitroalkanes and how are they classified?

Nitroalkanes are represented by the formula, R-NO2 where R is an alkyl group (CnH2n+1-) . Nitroalkanes are further classified into primary, secondary, tertiary nitroalkanes on the basis of type of carbon atom to which the nitro (-NO2) group is attached.

What are nitro functional groups?

The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing. Because of this property, C−H bonds alpha (adjacent) to the nitro group can be acidic.

Is nitro a functional group or substituent?

Functional Groups That Are Always Prefixes: Halides, Alkoxides, Azides, Nitro.

What are the uses of nitro compounds?

Uses of nitro compounds

Nitroarenes are important intermediates in the manufacture of detergents, dyes, pharamaceuticals and explosives like 2,4,6-Trinitrotoulene(TNT). Nitroalkanes are also used as propellants. Chloropicrin is used as fumigant to control pests in the soil and also as constitutent of tear gas.

What are chemical properties of nitro compounds?

The most common examples are organic substances in which a carbon atom is linked by a covalent bond to the nitrogen atom of the nitro group. Nitro compounds are polar, and those with no other chemically reactive grouping are colourless or pale yellow liquids that are only slightly soluble in water.

Why is nitro group called an Ambident group?

The nitro group is an ambident group and is capable of getting attached to carbon chain through nitrogen. as well as through oxygen (-O – N = O) atom. The compound in which the -NO2 group is linked to the alkyl or aryl group through oxygen atom are called nitrites. Nitrites are isomeric with nitro compounds.

How do you name a nitro functional group?

The name of any nitro compound is derived by adding the prefix nitro to the name of corresponding alkane or the arene. Aliphatic nitro compounds are called nitroalkanes or nitroparaffins, aromatic nitro compounds are called nitroarenes.

Is NO2 a substituent?

Name these compounds by naming the -NO2 as a nitro substituent.

What are nitroalkanes How are classified give their important method of preparation?

Classification of Nitrocompounds

Nitroalkanes are represented by the formula, R-NO2 where R is an alkyl group (CnH2n+1–). Nitroalkanes are further classified into primary, secondary, tertiary nitroalkanes on the basis of type of carbon atom to which the nitro (-NO2) group is attached.

What are nitroalkanes used for?

Nitroalkanes are often used as industrial synthons as they can be readily converted into the corresponding amines, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, oximes, hydroxylamines, or denitrated compounds. Asymmetric bioreduction of nitroalkenes is an attractive method for chiral nitroalkane formation.

What are primary nitroalkanes?

ChEBI ID. CHEBI:133972. Definition. A nitroalkane in which the nitro group is attached to a terminal carbon.

What is the general formula of nitroalkanes?

A type of organic compound of general formula CnH2 n+1NO2 the nitroalkanes are colourless, pleasant-smelling liquids made by treating a haloalkane with silver nitrate. They can be reduced to amines by the action of tin and hydrochloric acid.

Why nitro compounds are explosive?

Nitro compounds are explosive because although the diatomic form of nitrogen is very stable – that is, the triple bond that holds N2 together is very strong, and therefore has a great deal of bond energy – the nitro compounds themselves are unstable, as the bonds between nitrogen atoms and other atoms in nitro …

What is aromatic nitro compounds?

Nitroaromatic compounds are among the largest and most important groups of industrial chemicals in use today. These compounds are organic molecules that consist of at least one nitro group (-NO2) attached to an aromatic ring.

Are nitro groups stable?

Nitro compounds are quite unstable in the thermodynamic sense; for example, the heat of decomposition of nitromethane, according to the following stoichiometry, is 67.4kcal mol−1.

Why is nitro group called Ambident?

The nitro group is an ambident group and is capable of getting attached to carbon chain through nitrogen. as well as through oxygen (-O – N = O) atom. The compound in which the -NO2 group is linked to the alkyl or aryl group through oxygen atom are called nitrites.

Why are nitro compounds usually yellow in color?

U.V . The nitro group causes a pronounced shift of lmax to longer wavelengths when conjugated to unsaturated p systems, a bathochromic shift. This is why nitro compounds are often yellow.

Is nitrocellulose impact sensitive?

The substance is very sensitive to heat, shock, friction, naked flames, sparks or electrostatic discharges.

Why NO2 is an ambident nucleophile?

NO2− and CN− can provide electron through both atoms so they are ambident nucleophiles.

What is ambident functional group example?

For example, cyanide ion is an ambident nucleophile. It can attack through either C atom or N atom to form alkyl cyanide or alkyl isocyanide.