Types of pox
How many pox are there?
Ten poxviruses infect humans (Table 170-1). Except for the ‘extinct’ variola virus and molluscum contagiosum virus, the poxvirus diseases are zoonoses. With rare exception these zoonotic poxviruses fail to establish a human chain of transmission.
What type of virus is pox virus?
Poxviruses are brick or oval-shaped viruses with large double-stranded DNA genomes. Poxviruses exist throughout the world and cause disease in humans and many other types of animals. Poxvirus infections typically result in the formation of lesions, skin nodules, or disseminated rash.
What is big pox?
1. SUMMARY. The ‘Great Pox’, syphilis, is a systemic disease with many clinical manifestations caused by the spirochaete Treponema pallidum. It is usually transmitted sexually but congenital infections can occur and, in certain parts of the world, endemic nonvenereal disease due to T. pallidum exists.
What’s the difference between smallpox and chickenpox?
While the two diseases both produce rashes, the rashes themselves develop at different times and the rashes look different. Smallpox pustules look the same as each other, while the chickenpox rash develops in waves. The individual spots don’t look the same and some form scabs while others are still blistering.
What kills pox virus?
Fortunately, it can be easily killed using household disinfectants and regular laundry detergent.
What causes pox virus?
Chickenpox infection is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It can spread through direct contact with the rash. It can also spread when a person with the chickenpox coughs or sneezes and you inhale the air droplets.
How long does chicken pox last for?
Chickenpox is common and mostly affects children, but you can get it at any age. It usually gets better by itself after 1 to 2 weeks without needing to see a GP.
Can Chicken Pox happen twice?
Most people who have had chickenpox will be immune to the disease for the rest of their lives. However, the virus remains inactive in nerve tissue and may reactivate later in life causing shingles. Very rarely, a second case of chickenpox does happen.
Can u get chicken pox twice?
Can you have chickenpox twice? In most cases, you can only get chickenpox once. This is called life-long immunity. But in rare cases, a person might get it again, especially if they were very young when they had it the first time.
Is smallpox a DNA or RNA virus?
Smallpox is a double-stranded, 135- to 375-kilobase (kb) DNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm of the host cell and forms B-type inclusion bodies (Guarnieri bodies). This is in contrast to herpes viruses, which replicate in the nucleus. The orthopoxviruses are among the largest and most complex of all viruses.
What family does pox virus belong to?
Classification. The family Poxviridae is subdivided into two subfamilies: Chordopoxvirinae (poxviruses of vertebrates) and Entomopoxvirinae (poxviruses of insects). The subfamily Chordopoxvirinae is further subdivided into ten genera that include viruses that cause disease in domestic or laboratory animals (Table 7.1).
What is the structure of pox virus?
Poxviruses are brick-shaped (240 nm by 300 nm) and have a complex internal structure including a double-stranded DNA genome (130–260 kb) and associated enzymes. Naturally released virions have an additional outer membrane not found on infective virions extracted artificially from infected cells.
Is poxvirus the largest virus?
Poxviruses are the largest and most complex viruses. They are linear double-stranded DNA viruses of 130-300 kilobase pair. The 200-400 nm virion is oval or brick-shaped and can be visualized on light microscopy.
Why is it called pox virus?
The name of the family, Poxviridae, is a legacy of the original grouping of viruses associated with diseases that produced poxes in the skin. Modern viral classification is based on phenotypic characteristics; morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause.
What are the symptoms of pox virus?
Infection with orthopoxviruses can lead to localized or generalized skin lesions, progressing from papules, to vesicles and scabs. Depending on the species and strain of orthopoxvirus involved, other signs and symptoms can include fever, swollen lymph nodes, malaise, and body aches.
What is Pox medical term?
Medical Definition of pox
1 : a virus disease (as chicken pox) characterized by pustules or eruptions. 2 archaic : smallpox. 3 : syphilis.
How pox virus is diagnosed?
The laboratory criteria for diagnosis are: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification of variola DNA in a clinical specimen, OR. Isolation of smallpox (variola) virus from a clinical specimen (WHO Smallpox Reference Laboratory or laboratory with appropriate reference capabilities) with variola PCR confirmation.
Which is the biggest virus?
A giant virus, sometimes referred to as a girus, is a very large virus, some of which are larger than typical bacteria.
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Comparison of largest known giant viruses.
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Comparison of largest known giant viruses.
| Giant virus name | Megavirus chilensis |
|---|---|
| Genome Length | 1,259,197 |
| Genes | 1120 proteins (predicted) |
| Capsid diameter (nm) | 440 |