Classification of cytotoxic agents
What are the classifications of chemotherapy agents?
Types of chemotherapy drugs
- Alkylating agents. This group of medicines works directly on DNA to keep the cell from reproducing itself. …
- Nitrosoureas. …
- Anti-metabolites. …
- Plant alkaloids and natural products. …
- Anti-tumor antibiotics. …
- Hormonal agents. …
- Biological response modifiers.
What are the classification of antineoplastic agents?
The antineoplastic agents are not easily classified. Historically, they are categorized as (1) alkylating agents, (2) antimetabolites, (3) natural products, (4) hormones and antagonists, and (5) miscellaneous. In recent years, however, the miscellaneous group has come to include some of the most important agents.
What are the four major classes of anticancer drugs?
There are several major classes of anticancer drugs; these include alkylating agents, antimetabolites, natural products, and hormones.
What are the examples of cytotoxic drugs?
Some examples of cytotoxic antibiotics include:
- anthracyclines such as: doxorubicin (Lipodox) valrubicin (Valstar)
- non-anthracyclines such as: bleomycin (Blenoxane) dactinomycin (Cosmegen)
What are the three 3 classifications of anticancer drugs?
The main groups include: Alkylating and alkylating-like agents. Antimetabolites. Antitumour antibiotics.
What are cytotoxic drugs used for?
Cytotoxic drugs (sometimes known as antineoplastics) describe a group of medicines that contain chemicals which are toxic to cells, preventing their replication or growth, and so are used to treat cancer. They can also be used to treat a number of other disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.
What are major adverse cytotoxic agents?
There are several types of adverse effects that the cytotoxic drugs have in common. These include hyperuricemia (a feature of the tumor lysis syndrome), bone marrow suppression, oral mucositis, gastrointestinal discomfort, and alopecia.
How do you identify a cytotoxic drug?
Information must be obtained about the particular cytotoxic drugs being used, routes of exposure, health effects, recommended control measures and other actions to prevent or minimise risks. Cytotoxic drugs may be identified by referring to stock lists, the register of hazardous chemicals and SDSs.
What’s the meaning of cytotoxic?
toxic to cells
Definition of cytotoxic
1 : of or relating to a cytotoxin. 2 : toxic to cells cytotoxic drugs.
What is alkylating agent in pharmacology?
Listen to pronunciation. (AL-kuh-LAY-ting AY-jent) A type of drug that is used in the treatment of cancer. It interferes with the cell’s DNA and inhibits cancer cell growth.
What is antineoplastic drugs Wikipedia?
An alkylating antineoplastic agent is an alkylating agent used in cancer treatment that attaches an alkyl group (CnH2n+1) to DNA. The alkyl group is attached to the guanine base of DNA, at the number 7 nitrogen atom of the purine ring.
Which of the following is an alkylating agent?
Some examples of alkylating agents are nitrogen mustards (chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide), cisplatin, nitrosoureas (carmustine, lomustine, and semustine), alkylsulfonates (busulfan), ethyleneimines (thiotepa), and triazines (dacarbazine).
What do antineoplastic drugs do?
Antineoplastic drugs, also known as chemotherapy, cytotoxic and oncology drugs, are used to treat cancer, as well as arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other non-cancer medical conditions. Most antineoplastic drugs are classified by NIOSH as hazardous drugs.
What are the 7 main types of chemotherapy?
Below are the main types of chemotherapy:
- Alkylating agents.
- Antimetabolites.
- Anti-tumor antibiotics.
- Topoisomerase inhibitors.
- Mitotic inhibitors.
- Plant alkaloids.
Which drug is a cytotoxic antibiotic?
The cytotoxic antibiotics in current use in the United States include (with trade name and year of approval): bleomycin (Blenoxane, 1973), dactinomycin (Cosmegen, 1964), daunorubicin (Cerubidine, 1979), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, 1974), epirubicin (Ellence, 1999), idarubicin (Idamycin, 1990), plicamycin (previously known …
What are the 6 classes of chemotherapy?
Cancer chemotherapy agents are classified according to their chemical nature and function. Some of the well known classes of cancer chemotherapy agents include alkylating agents, plant alkaloids, antimetabolites, anthracyclines, topoisomerase inhibitors and corticosteroids.
What is the most commonly used chemotherapy drug?
Alkylating agents were among the first anti-cancer drugs and are the most commonly used agents in chemotherapy today. Alkylating agents act directly on DNA, causing cross-linking of DNA strands, abnormal base pairing, or DNA strand breaks, thus preventing the cell from dividing.
How many types of chemotherapy are there?
There are more than 100 different chemotherapy drugs.
What are the classes of chemotherapeutic agents and antibiotics?
Overview of chemotherapeutic drugs classes
| Overview of important chemotherapeutic agents | ||
|---|---|---|
| Drug class | Subgroup | Cell cycle specificity |
| Antibiotics | Bleomycin | G2 phase |
| Actinomycin D | Nonspecific | |
| Anthracyclines Doxorubicin Daunorubicin Idarubicin | Nonspecific | |
How many anticancer drugs are there?
The total number of licensed anticancer drugs was 270, of which 243 (90%) were approved by the FDA, 168 (62%) had EMA approval and 50 (19%) were approved for use in different European countries through national approvals only.