What is the structure and function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
What is the structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is largely made of sheets – a two-dimensional array of flattened sacs that extend across the cytoplasm. In addition to ribosomes, these membranes contain an important protein complex called the translocon, which is necessary for protein translation within the rough ER.
What is the structure and function of smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes and makes protein, whereas the smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not contain ribosomes and functions to make lipids and detoxify the cell. Large amounts of smooth ER are found in cells that participate in lipid metabolism and detoxify the body, such as liver cells.
What are the two main functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough ER, studded with millions of membrane bound ribosomes, is involved with the production, folding, quality control and despatch of some proteins. Smooth ER is largely associated with lipid (fat) manufacture and metabolism and steroid production hormone production. It also has a detoxification function.
What is the structure and function of the ER?
Main. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells and performs a variety of essential cellular functions, including protein synthesis and processing, lipid synthesis, and calcium (Ca2+) storage and release.
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum quizlet?
Function: Rough endoplasmic reticula are involved in the synthesis of proteins.
What is the structural difference between rough endoplasmic reticulum ER and smooth ER?
The most basic difference between RER and SER is the presence of ribosomes. When ribosomes attach to the surface of an ER, it gives a characteristic rough appearance; hence it is called Rough ER. On the other hand, a smooth ER does not have ribosomes on its surface. It possesses ribosomes attached to its membrane.
What is the function of ER endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large, dynamic structure that serves many roles in the cell including calcium storage, protein synthesis and lipid metabolism. The diverse functions of the ER are performed by distinct domains; consisting of tubules, sheets and the nuclear envelope.
What is the function of endoplasmic reticulum Class 9?
The endoplasmic reticulum performs the following functions: It is responsible for the production and secretion of steroid hormones. It is also responsible for the synthesis of essential lipids such as phospholipids and cholesterol. It is responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates.
What is the difference in function between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum ER quizlet?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered in ribosomes and is involved in the synthesis and production of proteins. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has no ribosomes and is involved in the production of enzymes and lipids.
Which structure is described as rough or smooth quizlet?
The primary distinction between rough and smooth ER is the presence of bound ribosomes on the rough ER. Both types of ER make phospholipids, but membrane proteins and secretory proteins are all produced by the ribosomes on the rough ER.
What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum Class 9?
As the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum has ribosomes attached to it, they are a site of protein synthesis and the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum works the same way. One more important function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is that it helps in giving rise to the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
What is the structure of endoplasmic reticulum Class 9?
The large network of membranous sheets and tubes is called endoplasmic reticulum. They are filled with fluids and carries materials throughout the cell due to which it is also called transport system of the cell. It transports materials between the regions of cytoplasm or between the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Why is it called rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is so named for the appearance of its outer surface, which is studded with protein-synthesizing particles known as ribosomes.
Which of the following functional differences between rough and smooth ER is explained by the structural differences between them?
Which of the following functional differences between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is explained by the structural differences between them? Rough ERER can synthesize and package proteins for export, and smooth ERER cannot.
What is true about the structure of the rough and smooth ER?
The smooth ER is a continuous extension of the rough ER, located more distally from the nucleus. Whereas the rough ER is shaped like flattened hollow pancakes in many cell types, the smooth ER is usually more tubular in structure, forming a lacelike reticulum.
What is function of ribosome?
A ribosome is a cellular particle made of RNA and protein that serves as the site for protein synthesis in the cell. The ribosome reads the sequence of the messenger RNA (mRNA) and, using the genetic code, translates the sequence of RNA bases into a sequence of amino acids.
How does the structure of the smooth ER aid in the function?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), meshwork of fine disklike tubular membrane vesicles, part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that is involved in the synthesis and storage of lipids, including cholesterol and phospholipids, which are used in the production of new cellular …
How does rough endoplasmic reticulum help in protein synthesis?
Ribosomes and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is particularly abundant in growing cells which demand a high turnover of materials in its growth. Rough ER is responsible for transporting the newly synthesized proteins to the Golgi apparatus.
How does the structure of a ribosome relate to its function?
The grooves of the ribosome allow for mRNA to be held in place while tRNA reads the “code” that determines which amino acid is next in the sequence. It is the very structure of ribosomes that completes the Central Dogma of Biology, or DNA to RNA to Protein.
Whats the structure of a ribosome?
A ribosome is made out of RNA and proteins, and each ribosome consists of two separate RNA-protein complexes, known as the small and large subunits. The large subunit sits on top of the small subunit, with an RNA template sandwiched between the two.
What is a significant difference between the structure of a ribosome and other organelles?
Ribosomes are different from other organelles because they have no membrane around them that separates them from other organelles, they consist of two subunits, and when they are producing certain proteins they can become membrane bound to the endoplasmic reticulum, but they can also be free floating while performing …
What is the structure and function of the ribosome quizlet?
Ribosomes consist of two major components: the small ribosomal subunit, which reads the RNA, and the large subunit, which joins amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Each subunit is composed of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of ribosomal proteins.