What are the 5 different layers of the atmosphere in order and their unique characteristics?

From lowest to highest, the major layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. Troposphere. Earth’s troposphere extends from Earth’s surface to, on average, about 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) in height, with its height lower at Earth’s poles and higher at the equator.

What are the 4 characteristics of troposphere?

Of all five layers, the troposphere has the highest density, greatest air pressure, 75% of the atmospheric mass, nearly all water vapor, and a temperature range from 62 to -60 degrees F. The temperature in the troposphere decreases steadily with altitude.

What are the characteristics of troposphere layer of the atmosphere?

The troposphere is between 5 and 9 miles (8 and 14 kilometers) thick depending on where you are on Earth. It’s thinnest at the North and South Pole. This layer has the air we breathe and the clouds in the sky. The air is densest in this lowest layer.

How do the characteristics of the atmospheric layers protect life on Earth?

The atmosphere protects life on earth by shielding it from incoming ultraviolet (UV) radiation, keeping the planet warm through insulation, and preventing extremes between day and night temperatures. The sun heats layers of the atmosphere causing it to convect driving air movement and weather patterns around the world.

What are 3 characteristics of the stratosphere?

The main characteristics of stratosphere are:
  • (a) There are no clouds or weather changes so it is safe for air travel.
  • (b) It extends from the top of troposphere up to 50 km above the surface of earth.
  • (c) This layer has a band of ozone gas which protects us from sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays.

What is the characteristics of exosphere?

The exosphere layer is mainly composed of extremely low densities of hydrogen, helium and several heavier molecules including nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide closer to the exobase. The atoms and molecules are so far apart that they can travel hundreds of kilometers without colliding with one another.

What are the characteristics of thermosphere?

The thermosphere is the atmospheric region from ∼85 to ∼500 km altitude, containing the ionosphere. It is characterized by high temperature and large variability, in response to changes in solar ultraviolet radiation and solar-driven geomagnetic activity.

What is the main characteristic of the tropopause?

The tropopause is characterized by temperatures that stop decreasing and remain steady, before later increasing in the stratosphere. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy in a substance.

What are the main features of troposphere Class 7?

Troposphere: It is the lowest layer of the Earth’s surface that extends to a height of 8 km at the poles and 18 km at the Equator. This layer is characterised with weather phenomenon like cloud formation, thunderstorms, rainfall and snowfall. Here, temperature decreases with the increase in height.

What is the characteristic of mesosphere?

The mesosphere is directly above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It extends from about 50 to 85 km (31 to 53 miles) above our planet. Temperature decreases with height throughout the mesosphere. The coldest temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere, about -90° C (-130° F), are found near the top of this layer.

What is the function of stratosphere?

The stratosphere is where you’ll find the very important ozone layer. The ozone layer helps protect us from ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. In fact, the ozone layer absorbs most of the UV radiation the sun sends to us.

What is the function of mesosphere?

The mesosphere is the protective layer of the earth because it destroys most of the meteors and asteroids before they reach the earth’s surface. It is the coldest layer of the atmosphere of all.

What is the importance of troposphere?

Importance of troposphere to life on earth

The troposphere contains about 85% of the atmosphere’s total mass. Tropospheric processes, such as the water or hydrologic cycle (the formation of clouds and rain) and the greenhouse effect, have a great influence on meteorology and the climate.

What happens in the exosphere?

Exosphere. This is the outermost layer of the atmosphere. It extends from the top of the thermosphere to 6,200 miles (10,000 km ) above the earth. In this layer, atoms and molecules escape into space and satellites orbit the earth.