What are some characteristics of a vaccine?

1. The major requirements of the vaccine. This includes primarlly safety and efficacy and a number of other desirable features if the vaccine is to control a disease of global importance. These include cost, easy administration (e.g. orally), thermal stability, multivalency and long-lived immunlty 2.

What is the difference between live attenuated and inactivated vaccines?

Live attenuated vaccines use a weakened form of the virus, which can still grow and replicate, but does not cause illness. Inactivated vaccines contain viruses whose genetic material has been destroyed by heat, chemicals or radiation so they cannot infect cells and replicate, but can still trigger an immune response.

What do attenuated vaccines contain?

Live, attenuated vaccines fight viruses and bacteria. These vaccines contain a version of the living virus or bacteria that has been weakened so that it does not cause serious disease in people with healthy immune systems.

What is the difference between live and live attenuated vaccines?

The difference between live and killed vaccines has to do with how they are made. Live, attenuated vaccines contain a living, although significantly weakened, version of a virus or bacteria. Measles, mumps and chicken pox vaccines are made with live viruses.

What is a live-attenuated vaccines?

Live-attenuated vaccines

Live vaccines use a weakened (or attenuated) form of the germ that causes a disease. Because these vaccines are so similar to the natural infection that they help prevent, they create a strong and long-lasting immune response.

What are the 4 types of vaccines?

The main types of vaccines that act in different ways are: Live-attenuated vaccines. Inactivated vaccines. Subunit, recombinant, conjugate, and polysaccharide vaccines.

What is a live attenuated virus?

Live attenuated vaccines contain whole bacteria or viruses which have been “weakened”(attenuated) so that they create a protective immune response but do not cause disease in healthy people.

Is polio vaccine a live attenuated vaccine?

Production and control of polio vaccines

Two different kinds of vaccine are available: An inactivated (killed) polio vaccine (IPV) developed by Dr. Jonas Salk and first used in 1955, and. A live attenuated (weakened) oral polio vaccine (OPV) developed by Dr.

What are examples of inactivated vaccines?

Inactivated (Killed) Vaccines

Examples of inactivated vaccines include: inactivated poliovirus (IPV) vaccine, whole cell pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine, rabies vaccine and the hepatitis A virus vaccine.

What are the 4 types of vaccines?

The main types of vaccines that act in different ways are: Live-attenuated vaccines. Inactivated vaccines. Subunit, recombinant, conjugate, and polysaccharide vaccines.

How do inactivated vaccines work?

Inactivated vaccines contain viruses whose genetic material has been destroyed by heat, chemicals or radiation so they cannot infect cells and replicate, but can still trigger an immune response.

What are the different types of vaccines for Covid 19?

The main types of COVID-19 vaccines currently available in the U.S. or being studied include:
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. …
  • Vector vaccine. …
  • Protein subunit vaccine.

Is BCG live attenuated vaccine?

BCG VACCINE for percutaneous use, is an attenuated, live culture preparation of the Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis.

What was the first vaccine?

Edward Jenner is considered the founder of vaccinology in the West in 1796, after he inoculated a 13 year-old-boy with vaccinia virus (cowpox), and demonstrated immunity to smallpox. In 1798, the first smallpox vaccine was developed.