What are the characteristics of single-subject designs quizlet?

This design involves one client, or a number of clients followed over time. The main feature is evaluation of clients outcomes of interest both before (baseline) and after intervention. The individual serves as their own “control”.

What are the strengths of a single-subject design?

Advantages
  • Group means could conceal patterns that appear in individuals’ data.
  • Big effects – only clinically significant effects are likely to be found.
  • Ethical and practical advantages (eg; can not withhold treatment; too few subjects)
  • Flexibility.

What type of design is a single-subject design?

In design of experiments, single-subject curriculum or single-case research design (SCED) is a research design most often used in applied fields of psychology, education, and human behaviour in which the subject serves as his/her own control, rather than using another individual/group.

What are the basic phases of single-subject design?

The most basic single-subject research design in which the researcher measures the dependent variable in three phases: Baseline, before a treatment is introduced (A); after the treatment is introduced (B); and then a return to baseline after removing the treatment (A). It is often called an ABA design.

What are the advantages of single subject approach?

According to The Personnel and Guidance Journal, “one advantage of single-subject research is that it gives you an in-depth description of the case are possible”. Single-subject research can be used in different counseling situations. It can be used to counsel individuals in a group setting as well as single people.

What are the advantages of using single case designs?

Single cases allow researchers to investigate phenomena in-depth to provide rich description and understanding. A single case may also be used as a pilot study for a research project in which several cases are required, especially where the study is of an exploratory nature.

What is the purpose of a single-subject design?

The essence of single-subject design is using repeated measurements to really understand an individual’s variability, so that we can use our understanding of that variability to determine what the effects of our treatment are.

How many participants are in a single-subject design?

Note that the term single-subject does not mean that only one participant is studied; it is more typical for there to be somewhere between two and 10 participants. (This is why single-subject research designs are sometimes called small-n designs, where n is the statistical symbol for the sample size.)

What is an example of single-subject research?

Generally, in single subject research we count the number of times something occurs in a given time period and see if it occurs more or less often in that time period after implementing an intervention. For example, we might measure how many baskets someone makes while shooting for 2 minutes.

What are the assumptions of single-subject research?

Assumptions of Single-Subject Research

First and foremost is the assumption that it is important to focus intensively on the behavior of individual participants. One reason for this is that group research can hide individual differences and generate results that do not represent the behavior of any individual.

What is the most common type of analysis in single-subject design?

Reversal Designs. The most basic single-subject research design is the reversal design , also called the ABA design.

What is single-subject research in your own words?

Single-subject research is a type of quantitative research that involves studying in detail the behavior of each of a small number of participants. Note that the term single-subject does not mean that only one participant is studied; it is more typical for there to be somewhere between two and 10 participants.

Is single-subject research qualitative or quantitative?

quantitative
Single-subject research, at times referred to as single-case research, is a quantitative approach to examine functional relationships between baseline and experimental conditions over time within individual subjects.

What is the independent variable in a single-subject design?

• Independent Variable (IV): The treatment or procedure that the experimenter controls – the treatment or procedure being used to change behavior. o Typically, in single-subject studies, the categories of the IV reflect the phases of. the treatment or lack of treatment.

Is statistical testing used in single-subject research?

Single-subject designs measure one individual’s responses to some experimental manipulation. Statistical methods exist for validly estimating the effect of an intervention on a specific individual by using data from a single-subject design.

What is usually the first phase of a single-subject research design?

The most basic single-subject research design is the reversal design, also called the ABA design. During the first phase, A, a baseline is established for the dependent variable. This is the level of responding before any treatment is introduced, and therefore the baseline phase is a kind of control condition.

What is the difference between single-subject designs and group research designs?

Unlike group designs, single-case research designs do not involve aggregation of data across multiple participants for the purpose of creating group statistics.

When would you use a single case study?

If the researcher only wants to study one single thing (for example a person from a specific group) or a single group (for example a group of people), a single case study is the best choice (Yin, 2003).