What are the 5 mechanisms of action of antibiotics?

Antimicrobial agents can be divided into groups based on the mechanism of antimicrobial activity. The main groups are: agents that inhibit cell wall synthesis, depolarize the cell membrane, inhibit protein synthesis, inhibit nuclei acid synthesis, and inhibit metabolic pathways in bacteria.

What are the classifications of antibiotics and their actions?

Antibiotics can be divided into two classes based on their mechanism of action. Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria; bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit their growth or reproduction. One way that bactericidal antibodies kill bacteria is by inhibiting cell wall synthesis.

What are the 3 classifications of antibiotics?

Antibiotics can be categorized by their spectrum of activity—namely, whether they are narrow-, broad-, or extended-spectrum agents. Narrow-spectrum agents (e.g., penicillin G) affect primarily gram-positive bacteria.

What are the 7 main types of antibiotics?

In this portal, antibiotics are classified into one of the following classes: penicillins, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, macrolides, beta-lactams with increased activity (e.g. amoxicillin-clavulanate), tetracyclines, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, lincosamides (e.g. clindamycin), urinary anti-infectives, and other …

Why are there different types of antibiotics?

Different antibiotics work against different types of bacteria. Antibiotics that affect a wide range of bacteria are called broad spectrum antibiotics (eg, amoxicillin and gentamicin). Antibiotics that affect only a few types of bacteria are called narrow spectrum antibiotics (eg, penicillin).

How do I remember the classes of antibiotics?

What is the action of penicillin?

Penicillin kills susceptible bacteria by specifically inhibiting the transpeptidase that catalyzes the final step in cell wall biosynthesis, the cross-linking of peptidoglycan.

What are the 8 classes of antibiotics?

A Guide to the 8 Most Common Classes of Antibiotics
  • Penicillins. Alexander Fleming discovered in 1928 that mold derived from penicillin stopped the growth of bacteria. …
  • Cephalosporins. …
  • Sulfonamides. …
  • Fluoroquinolones. …
  • Macrolides. …
  • Tetracyclines. …
  • Aminoglycosides. …
  • Carbapenems.

How many types of antibiotics are there?

There are hundreds of different types of antibiotics, but most of them can be classified into 6 groups. Other antibiotics include chloramphenicol (used for eye and ear infections), fusidic acid (used for skin and eye infections), and nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim (used for urinary tract infections).

What are the 4 types of infections?

The four different categories of infectious agents are bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. When studying these agents, researchers isolate them using certain characteristics: Size of the infectious agent.

What classification is penicillin?

It is in the beta-lactam antibiotic class of drugs.

What are the names of antibiotic drugs?

What are the most common antibiotics?
  • phenoxymethylpenicillin.
  • dicloxacillin.
  • amoxicillin with clavulanic acid.
  • ampicillin.
  • nafcillin.
  • oxacillin.
  • penicillin V.
  • penicillin G.

What are the five main classes of antimicrobial drugs?

Antibacterials are used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics are classified generally as beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, tetracyclines or aminoglycosides. Their classification within these categories depends on their antimicrobial spectra, pharmacodynamics, and chemical composition.

What is the classification of fluoroquinolones?

Fluoroquinolones are potent broad spectrum antibacterial agents. Two classifications have been described: chemical and biological. Quinolones can be classified into 4 groups according to their chemical structures: monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic and tetracyclic derivatives.

What is the classification of sulfonamides?

Sulfonamides or sulfa drugs are a class of antibiotics that target bacteria causing infections. These classes of drugs are generally broad-spectrum antibiotics that act on a wide range of bacterial types and are therefore employed in treating many kinds of bacterial infections.