Classification of arrhythmia slideshare
What is classification of arrhythmia?
Arrhythmia is broadly categorized into bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmia based on the heart rate. They are further divided according to the origin, means of transmission, and syndromes associated with it.
What are the major types of arrhythmia?
Arrhythmias are generally divided into two categories: ventricular and supraventricular. Ventricular arrhythmias occur in the lower chambers of the heart, called the ventricles. Supraventricular arrhythmias occur in the area above the ventricles, usually in the upper chambers of the heart, called the atria.
What are the 3 types of arrhythmias?
Arrhythmias that cause a slow, fast, or irregular heartbeat
- Bradycardia is a resting heart rate that is slower than 60 beats per minute. …
- Tachycardia is a resting heart rate that is faster than 100 beats per minute. …
- A premature or extra heartbeat happens when the signal to beat comes too early.
What are the 4 types of arrhythmias?
There are five main types of arrhythmias, described by the speed of heart rate they cause and where they begin in the heart.
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Ventricular arrhythmias
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Ventricular arrhythmias
- Ventricular fibrillation.
- Ventricular tachycardia.
- Premature ventricular beats (PVCs)
- Torsades de pointes.
What are the 4 heart rhythms?
Sinus rhythm, sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia and sinus arrhythmia are all normal heart rhythms where the electrical impulses travel in a normal way through the heart.
What is the main cause of arrhythmia?
The most common type of arrhythmia is atrial fibrillation, which causes an irregular and fast heart beat. Many factors can affect your heart’s rhythm, such as having had a heart attack, smoking, congenital heart defects, and stress. Some substances or medicines may also cause arrhythmias.
What arrhythmias are life threatening?
Two lethal arrhythmias that cause Sudden Cardiac Arrest include ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.
What’s the difference between arrhythmia and AFib?
Atrial Fibrillation, also called AFib, is the most common form of arrhythmia and occurs more frequently as we age. It happens when the upper chambers quiver rather than beating regularly and effectively. People with AFib often experience palpitations, fatigue, chest discomfort or shortness of breath.
What is the medicine for arrhythmia?
Flecainide, sotalol (also a beta blocker) and amiodarone are also commonly prescribed for arrhythmias. They have the ability to terminate an arrhythmia and are usually given to prevent the abnormal rhythm from occurring or reduce its frequency or duration.
What drugs cause cardiac arrhythmia?
Table 2.
| Drug Class | Drug | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| Antipsychotic1,15 | Chlorpromazine | ↑ Cardiac muscarinic blockade, leading to atrial conduction abnormalities |
| Clozapine | Serotonin receptor subunit 5-HT2A antagonist | |
| Alteration of autonomic tone | ||
| ↑ Cardiac muscarinic blockade, leading to atrial conduction abnormalities |
•
15 sept 2020
How is arrhythmia diagnosis?
The most effective way to diagnose an arrhythmia is with an electrical recording of your heart rhythm called an electrocardiogram (ECG). If the ECG doesn’t find a problem, you may need further monitoring of your heart. This may involve wearing a small portable ECG recording device for 24 hours or longer.
What are the 4 classes of antiarrhythmic drugs?
Antiarrhythmic drug classes:
- Class I – Sodium-channel blockers.
- Class II – Beta-blockers.
- Class III – Potassium-channel blockers.
- Class IV – Calcium-channel blockers.
- Miscellaneous – adenosine. – electrolyte supplement (magnesium and potassium salts) – digitalis compounds (cardiac glycosides)
What are the most common antiarrhythmic drugs?
The most common medications in this class are:
- amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)
- flecainide (Tambocor)
- ibutilide (Corvert), which can only be given through IV.
- lidocaine (Xylocaine), which can only be given through IV.
- procainamide (Procan, Procanbid)
- propafenone (Rythmol)
- quinidine (many brand names)
- tocainide (Tonocarid)
Which beta blocker is best for arrhythmia?
Arrhythmias: bisoprolol and metoprolol succinate are often preferred. Beta-blockers are the first-line treatment for long-term symptomatic rate control in patients with a range of cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.
What are 5 classes of antiarrhythmic drugs?
Overview
- Class 1: sodium channel blockers. …
- Class 2: beta-blockers. …
- Class 3: potassium. …
- Class 4: calcium channel blockers. …
- Class 5: miscellaneous agents that cannot be categorized into the above groups.
What is class 3 antiarrhythmic?
Class 3 antiarrhythmics are drugs that block cardiac tissue K channels Channels The Cell: Cell Membrane . The medications in this class include amiodarone. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting potassium channels and voltage-gated sodium channels.
What are Class 4 antiarrhythmics used for?
Class IV antidysrhythmic drugs are used to treat: Atrial fibrillation and flutter (rapid and irregular heartbeats in the upper chamber of the heart) Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (abnormal fast beating of the heart above the lower chambers) Hypertension (high blood pressure)
How are antiarrhythmic drugs classified?
The antiarrhythmic medications have typically been categorized according to the Vaughan-Williams (VW) classification system. The system classifies the medications according to the primary mechanism of action (although several agents retain properties from multiple classes).
What are antiarrhythmic drugs write their classification?
Vaughan Williams classification
| Class | Known as | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Ia | Fast Na channel blockers | Quinidine Ajmaline Procainamide Disopyramide Sparteine |
| Ib | Lidocaine Phenytoin Mexiletine Tocainide | |
| Ic | Encainide Flecainide Propafenone Moricizine | |
| II | Beta-blockers | Carvedilol Propranolol Esmolol Timolol Metoprolol Atenolol Bisoprolol Nebivolol |