What are the types of articular cartilage?

Articular cartilage is hyaline cartilage and is 2 to 4 mm thick. Unlike most tissues, articular cartilage does not have blood vessels, nerves, or lymphatics. It is composed of a dense extracellular matrix (ECM) with a sparse distribution of highly specialized cells called chondrocytes.

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

There are three types of cartilage in your body: Hyaline cartilage. Elastic cartilage. Fibrocartilage.

What is the difference between the 3 types of cartilage?

Hyaline – most common, found in the ribs, nose, larynx, trachea. Is a precursor of bone. Fibro- is found in invertebral discs, joint capsules, ligaments. Elastic – is found in the external ear, epiglottis and larynx.

What is Outerbridge classification?

Description. Based on direct visualization of the joint, either arthroscopic or open, the Outerbridge classification system was developed to be a simple, easy-to-use, and reproducible grading system of articular cartilage lesions. The system assigns a grade of 0 through IV to the chondral area of interest (Fig. ​ 1).

What is articular cartilage?

The bones that meet at synovial joints are covered with a thin layer of cartilage known as articular cartilage. (Articular simply means “having to do with joints.”) Articular cartilage forms a smooth, durable covering (almost the consistency of linoleum) at the end of each bone in the joint.

What are the 3 functions of cartilage?

Cartilage has many functions, including the ability to resist compressive forces, enhance bone resilience, and provide support on bony areas where there is a need for flexibility. The primary cell that makes cartilage is the chondrocyte, which resides within the lacunae.

What are the grades of chondromalacia?

Grade 1 severity indicates softening of the cartilage in the knee area. Grade 2 indicates a softening of the cartilage along with abnormal surface characteristics. This usually marks the beginning of tissue erosion. Grade 3 shows thinning of cartilage with active deterioration of the tissue.

What does Grade 3 chondromalacia mean?

Grading System for Chondromalacia Patella

Grade 3 shows the thinning of the cartilage along with the active deterioration of the tissue. Grade 4 is the most severe and indicates full degradation of the cartilaginous surface exposing bone on bone rubbing.

How many grades of cartilage loss are there?

Grade 0 – Normal healthy cartilage, no changes. Grade 1 – Cartilage shows softening and inflammation. Grade 2 – Partial thickness loss, may show surface fissures. Grade 3 – High grade partial thickness cartilage loss – shows defect to the level of subchondral bone.

What is the strongest type of cartilage?

White fibrous cartilage
White fibrous cartilage is the strongest type of cartilage that is present in the spinal column in between the intervertebral discs. The strength of the cartilage is supported by firm matrix and plentiful white fibers, thereby allowing it to act as a shock-absorbing cushion to maintain the good health of the spine.

What is cartilage and types of cartilage?

There are three types of cartilage: hyaline, fibrous, and elastic cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most widespread type and resembles glass. In the embryo, bone begins as hyaline cartilage and later ossifies. Fibrous cartilage has many collagen fibers and is found in the intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis.

What is cartilage called?

Cartilage is classified in three types, elastic cartilage, hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage, which differ in relative amounts of collagen and proteoglycan. Cartilage does not contain blood vessels or nerves. Some fibrocartilage such as the meniscus of the knee does however have blood supply in part.

What are three types of connective tissue?

Connective tissue can further be broken down into three categories: loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue, and specialized connective tissue.

What is the most common type of cartilage?

  • Hyaline cartilage is the most common type of cartilage. …
  • Elastic cartilage (like hyaline cartilage) has chondrocytes located in lacunae and the tissue is surrounded by a perichondrium . …
  • Fibrocartilage is intermediate in appearance between dense connective tissue and hyaline cartilage.

What is the difference between hyaline and elastic cartilage?

Hyaline cartilage is a translucent white type of cartilage present in areas of the body such as the joints. The main difference between this type of cartilage and elastic cartilage is that elastic cartilage contains many elastic fibers, whilst hyaline cartilage contains a matrix of mainly collagen fibers.