Which drug is classified as a biguanide?

The only available biguanide medication is metformin, which is commonly used as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes (i.e. the first option for type 2 diabetics who are unable to control their blood sugars through diet and exercise alone).

What are the classification of metformin?

Metformin is in a class of drugs called biguanides. Metformin helps to control the amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood.

What is the classification of diabetic drugs?

Currently, there are ten classes of orally available pharmacological agents to treat T2DM: 1) sulfonylureas, 2) meglitinides, 3) metformin (a biguanide), 4) thiazolidinediones (TZDs), 5) alpha glucosidase inhibitors, 6) dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, 7) bile acid sequestrants, 8) dopamine agonists, 9) …

What is the classification for glipizide?

Glipizide belongs to a class of drugs called sulfonylureas. It stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas, directing your body to store blood sugar. This helps lower blood sugar and restore the way you use food to make energy.

What are 3 common indications for metformin?

Metformin also has several non-FDA-approved indications, including gestational diabetes, management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain, type 2 diabetes prevention, and the treatment and prevention of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

What are the 3 mechanisms of action for metformin?

Its pharmacologic mechanisms of action are different from other classes of oral antihyperglycemic agents. Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

What are sulfonylurea drugs?

Sulfonylureas are a group of medicines used to treat type 2 diabetes.
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Some commonly prescribed sulfonylureas include:
  • DiaBeta, Glynase, or Micronase (glyburide or glibenclamide)
  • Amaryl (glimepiride)
  • Diabinese (chlorpropamide)
  • Glucotrol (glipizide)
  • Tolinase (tolazamide)
  • Tolbutamide.

What drug class is losartan?

Losartan is in a class of medications called angiotensin II receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of certain natural substances that tighten the blood vessels, allowing the blood to flow more smoothly and the heart to pump more efficiently.

What is Pantoprazole used for?

It’s used for heartburn, acid reflux and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) – GORD is when you keep getting acid reflux. It’s also taken to prevent and treat stomach ulcers. Sometimes, pantoprazole is taken for a rare condition caused by a tumour in the pancreas or gut called Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

What is the medication classification of metformin Glucophage fortamet glumetza?

Glucophage belongs to a class of drugs called antidiabetics.

What is the main function of metformin?

Metformin is used to treat high blood sugar levels that are caused by a type of diabetes mellitus or sugar diabetes called type 2 diabetes. With this type of diabetes, insulin produced by the pancreas is not able to get sugar into the cells of the body where it can work properly.

What are sulfonylureas examples?

Examples of Sulfonylureas: Glimepiride (Amaryl) Glyburide (DiaBeta; Micronase) Glipizide (Glucotrol)

Is metformin an antidiabetic drug?

Metformin is an oral anti-diabetic drug in the biguanide class for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, in particular, in overweight and obese people and those with normal kidney function.

What are the 10 side effects of metformin?

Side effects of metformin
  • Feeling sick (nausea) Take metformin with food to reduce the chances of feeling sick. …
  • Being sick (vomiting) Take small, frequent sips of water or squash to avoid dehydration. …
  • Diarrhoea. …
  • Stomach ache. …
  • Loss of appetite. …
  • A metallic taste in the mouth.

What is the mechanism of action for biguanides?

Biguanides work in the following ways: They reduce the production of glucose during digestion by decreasing the amount of glucose absorbed from the food. They prevent the liver from converting fats and amino acids into glucose. They increase the excretion of sugar by the kidneys.

What is the main side effect of metformin?

Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are some of the most common side effects people have when they first start taking metformin. These problems usually go away over time. You can reduce these effects by taking metformin with a meal.

What are the contraindications for metformin?

Current contraindications to metformin use
  • Renal dysfunction.
  • Congestive cardiac failure needing drug treatment.
  • Hypersensitivity to metformin.
  • Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis.
  • Impaired hepatic function.

What is the benefits of metformin?

The well-known advantages of this agent include its glucose-lowering efficacy, low risk of hypoglycemia, modest body weight reduction, easy combination with almost any other glucose-lowering agent, and its low cost (2). Moreover, metformin is generally well tolerated, with diarrhea being the most common side effect.