What is biofertilizer and its classification?

Biofertilizers are substance that contains microbes, which helps in promoting the growth of plants and trees by increasing the supply of essential nutrients to the plants. It comprises living organisms which include mycorrhizal fungi, blue-green algae, and bacteria.

What are the names of biofertilizers?

Bio Fertilizers
  • Azospirillum (Paddy)
  • Azospirillum (Other Crops)
  • Azospirillum (Plantation Crops)
  • Rhizobium (Groundnut)
  • Rhizobium (Pulses)
  • Phospho Bacteria (All Crops)
  • NP Bio. (All Crops)

What are the three main sources of biofertilizers?

The main sources of biofertilizers are bacteria, fungi, and cynobacteria (blue-green algae). The most striking relationship that these have with plants is symbiosis, in which the partners derive benefits from each other.

What are biofertilizers give five example?

There are five biofertilizers viz. Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and mycorrhiza , which have been incorporated in India’s Fertilizer Control Order (FCO), 1985. Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum and blue green algae(BGA) have been traditionally used as Biofertilizers.

What is the importance of biofertilizer?

Biofertilizers add nutrients through the natural processes of nitrogen fixation, solubilizing phosphorus, and stimulating plant growth through the synthesis of growth-promoting substances. The micro-organisms in biofertilizers restore the soil’s natural nutrient cycle and build soil organic matter.

What are the uses of biofertilizers?

Biofertilizers are considered as a feasible and sustainable attractive biotechnological alternative to increase crop yield, improve and restore soil fertility, stimulate plant growth, reduce production costs and the environmental impact associated with chemical fertilization [12, 13, 14].

Who discovered biofertilizers?

The commercial history of biofertilizers began with the launch of ‘Nitragin’ by Nobbe and Hiltner, a laboratory culture of Rhizobia in 1895, followed by the discovery of Azotobacter and then the blue green algae and a host of other micro-organisms.

What is biofertilizer give two example?

Fertilizers directly increase soil fertility by adding nutrients whereas Biofertilizers add nutrients through the natural processes of fixing atmospheric nitrogen, solubilizing Phosphorus, and stimulating plant growth through the synthesis of growth promoting substances. Examples are: Azospirillum, Rhizobium, etc.

Which plant is used as biofertilizer?

So the correct answer is ‘Nostoc‘.

What is biofertilizers write their two types?

Definition : The biofertilizers are mostly nitrogen-fixing microbes which enrich soil with nutrients. Mycorrhiza is a fungus. It forms symbiotic association with the roots of higher plants. There are two types ; Ectomycorrhiza, Endomycorrhiza.

What are bio fertilizers Class 12?

– Biofertilizers are those fertilizers that contain microbes which are used for promoting the growth of plants. This is done by increasing the supply of nutrients that are essential for the growth of plants. The microbes that are used in biofertilizers can be bacteria, some blue green algae and mycorrhizal fungi.

Is Azolla a biofertilizer?

Azolla is water fern which is also used as a biofertilizer. There are around 80,000 symbiotic cyanobacteria present on its leaves. Symbiotic cyanobacteria Anabaena Azollae is responsible for nitrogen-fixation which increases the fertility of the soil and in turn enhances the yield.

Is mycorrhiza a biofertilizer?

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) constitute a group of root obligate biotrophs that exchange mutual benefits with about 80% of plants. They are considered natural biofertilizers, since they provide the host with water, nutrients, and pathogen protection, in exchange for photosynthetic products.

Which bacteria is used as biofertilizer?

Biofertilizers are classified as: Free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Azotobacter, and Rhodospirillum. Free-living nitrogen-fixing Cyanobacteria like Anabaena, and Nostoc.

What is meant by biofertilizer?

Biofertilizer can be defined as biological products containing living microorganisms that, when applied to seed, plant surfaces, or soil, promote growth by several mechanisms such as increasing the supply of nutrients, increasing root biomass or root area and increasing nutrient uptake capacity of the plant (Vessey, …

Are biofertilizers organic?

Increase Crop Yields: Biofertilizers essentially boost plant growth and improve crop yields like traditional chemical fertilizers. However, since biofertilizers use organic material, they enhance soil health while achieving higher crop yields.

Who discovered biofertilizers?

The commercial history of biofertilizers began with the launch of ‘Nitragin’ by Nobbe and Hiltner, a laboratory culture of Rhizobia in 1895, followed by the discovery of Azotobacter and then the blue green algae and a host of other micro-organisms.

What is nitrogen biofertilizer?

The nitrogen-fixing biofertilizers contain microorganisms such as Rhizobium, Actinobacteria, Azotobacter, and Azospirillum. They help in transforming nitrogen into organic compounds. Biological nitrogen fixation is one way of converting elemental nitrogen into a usable form for the plants.