Classification of bupivacaine
What is the classification of Marcaine?
Marcaine belongs to a class of drugs called Local Anesthetics, Amides; Local Anesthetics, Dental; Local Anesthetics, Parenteral. It is not known if Marcaine is safe and effective in children younger than 12 years of age.
What type of anesthetic is bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine is a potent local anesthetic with unique characteristics from the amide group of local anesthetics. Local anesthetics are used in regional anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, and local infiltration.
What is the common name for bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine is a prescription medication used as a local anesthetic (numbing medicine). Bupivacaine blocks the nerve impulses that send pain signals to your brain. Bupivacaine is available under the following different brand names: Marcaine and Sensorcaine.
What is the indication of bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine, alone or in combination with epinephrine, is indicated in adults for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, dental and oral surgery procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures.
What is the mechanism of action of bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic. Local anesthetics block the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse, and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential.
Is bupivacaine an analgesic?
Background: Bupivacaine and ropivacaine are the preferred long-acting local anesthetics for peripheral nerve blocks as they provide prolonged analgesia in the postoperative period.
Is bupivacaine an antibiotic?
Using a reference agar dilution method, the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for a range of bacteria. Bupivacaine showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 0.125% and 0.25%.
Is bupivacaine an Nsaid?
Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic. It causes a loss of feeling and prevents pain by blocking signals at the nerve endings. It does not cause loss of consciousness. Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
What is the difference between bupivacaine and lidocaine?
Bupivacaine is considered to have a therapeutic ratio of 2:0 while lignocaine in combination with adrenaline has a therapeutic ratio of 2:3. Lignocaine is considered less toxic than bupivacaine. However, it has shown that the injection route alters the relative toxicity of local anesthetics.
What is the difference between bupivacaine and lidocaine?
Bupivacaine is considered to have a therapeutic ratio of 2:0 while lignocaine in combination with adrenaline has a therapeutic ratio of 2:3. Lignocaine is considered less toxic than bupivacaine. However, it has shown that the injection route alters the relative toxicity of local anesthetics.
Is bupivacaine a nerve block?
A single injection of bupivacaine – currently the longest-duration local anesthetic approved for clinical use in peripheral nerve blocks (bupivacaine or levobupivacaine) – rarely lasts as long as postoperative pain. Therefore, patients often must endure multiple days with insufficient analgesia.
Is bupivacaine a sodium channel blocker?
Bupivacaine is the indicated local anesthetic in caudal, epidural, and spinal anesthesia and is widely used clinically to manage acute and chronic pain. In addition to blocking Na channels, bupivacaine affects the activity of many other channels, including NMDA receptors.
Does bupivacaine have epinephrine?
Bupivacaine Hydrochloride is available in sterile isotonic solutions with and without epinephrine (as bitartrate) 1:200,000 for injection via local infiltration, peripheral nerve block, and caudal and lumbar epidural blocks. Solutions of Bupivacaine Hydrochloride may be autoclaved if they do not contain epinephrine.
What does 0.5% bupivacaine mean?
Bupivacaine Hydrochloride is indicated for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, dental and oral surgery procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures. Only the 0.25% and 0.5% concentrations are indicated for obstetrical anesthesia. (See WARNINGS.)
What is bupivacaine made from?
Bupivacaine is a widely used local anesthetic agent. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide is a piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.
What is bupivacaine toxicity?
It is well documented that bupivacaine toxicity first manifests as central nervous system disorders (tinnitus, a metallic taste in the mouth, dizziness, seizures). Cardiovascular signs follow the neurologic signs and include bradycardia, dysrhythmias and, in severe cases, asystole.
How do you make 0.25 bupivacaine?
It’s easy to calculate that when we start with 0.5% bupivacaine and we want 0.25% bupivacaine that we need to add an equal volume of saline to halve the concentration. So if I want 30 ml of 0.25% then I need to dilute 15 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine with 15 ml of saline.
What is the concentration of 0.5 bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine 0.25%w/v and 0.5%w/v solution for injection are used for the production of local anaesthesia by percutaneous infiltration, peripheral nerve block(s) and central neural block (caudal or epidural), that is, for specialist use in situations where prolonged anaesthesia is required.
What is the half life of bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine is about 95% bound to plasma proteins, mainly to alpha-1-acid glycoprotein at low concentrations and to albumin at high concentrations. In adults, the terminal half-life of Bupivacaine is 2.7 hours. In neonates and some young infants, terminal elimination half-lives could be as long as 8 to 12 hours.
What is the ratio strength of 0.25 bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine 0.25%w/v and 0.5%w/v solution for injection are used for the production of local anaesthesia by percutaneous infiltration, peripheral nerve block(s) and central neural block (caudal or epidural), that is, for specialist use in situations where prolonged anaesthesia is required.
How long is 0.25 bupivacaine?
Useful concentrations of the drug range from 0.125% to 0.75%. At concentrations of 0.25%, bupivacaine provides extended-duration anesthesia lasting 2 to 4 hours.
How do you dilute bupivacaine?
BUPIVACAINE USE
Therefore, ULAR recommends the following: Use a 0.125% solution (you can buy 0.25% Marcaine and dilute it 50/50 with saline) and a maximum dose of 2 mg/kg body weight.
How many mg is 0.75 bupivacaine?
Bupivacaine HCI 0.75% (15 mg/2 mL) in Dextrose 8.25% Injection, USP 2mL
| Item No. | 69374-994-02 |
|---|---|
| Strength | (15 mg/2 mL) |
| Content Volume | 2 mL |
| Primary Packaging | Syringe |
| Administration | For Spinal Anesthesia |