What are the main classifications of ethical theories?

Four broad categories of ethical theory include deontology, utilitarianism, rights, and virtues.

What are the five ethical theories?

Here, we take a brief look at (1) utilitarianism, (2) deontology, (3) social justice and social contract theory, and (4) virtue theory. We are leaving out some important perspectives, such as general theories of justice and “rights” and feminist thought about ethics and patriarchy.

What are the 7 types of ethics?

Types of ethics
  • Supernaturalism.
  • Subjectivism.
  • Consequentialism.
  • Intuitionism.
  • Emotivism.
  • Duty-based ethics.
  • Virtue ethics.
  • Situation ethics.

What are the 4 normative ethical theories?

Four normative theories currently exist. These are utilitarianism, Kantianism, ethical intuitionism (in its methodological sense), and virtue ethics.

What are the 8 ethical theories?

‘ The following chapters analyse the answers provided by eight different theories of ethics: egoism, hedonism, naturalism and virtue theory, existentialism, Kantianism, utilitarianism, contractualism and religion.

What is the most common ethical theory?

27) define normative ethics as “theories of ethics that are concerned with the norms, standards or criteria that define principles of ethical behaviour.” The most common examples of normative ethical theories are utilitarianism, Kantian duty-based ethics (deontology), and divine command theory, which are described …

What are the 3 categories of normative ethics?

Normative ethics has three major subfields: virtue ethics, deontology, and consequentialism.

What are the 3 normative theories?

1.4, deontology, consequentialism and virtue ethics are the three normative theories concerning ethics.

What is a normative theory of ethics?

normative ethics, that branch of moral philosophy, or ethics, concerned with criteria of what is morally right and wrong. It includes the formulation of moral rules that have direct implications for what human actions, institutions, and ways of life should be like.

What are the 5 ethical issues?

Here are five ethically questionable issues you may face in the workplace and how you can respond.
  • Unethical Leadership. …
  • Toxic Workplace Culture. …
  • Discrimination and Harassment. …
  • Unrealistic and Conflicting Goals. …
  • Questionable Use of Company Technology.

What is an example of an ethical theory?

For example, a person has a larger responsibility to simply walk past a person rather than to punch a person as they walk past with no justified reason (3,4). This principle states that an ethical theory should allow people to reign over themselves and to be able to make decisions that apply to their lives.

What do you mean by ethical theories?

Ethical theories are thus formal statements about what we ought to do, when faced with an ethical dilemma. Is it, for example, wrong to tell a lie, even if we thereby avoid making somebody sad? Or what if we, by harming one individual, can avoid ten people being harmed; should we in such cases choose the lesser evil?

What are the ethical theories in health care?

Principlism is a commonly used ethical approach in healthcare and biomedical sciences. It emphasises four key ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, which are shared by most ethical theories, and blends these with virtues and practical wisdom.

What is the importance of ethical theories?

Ethical Theories are attempts to provide a clear, unified account of what our ethical obligations are. They are attempts, in other words, to tell a single “story” about what we are obligated to do, without referring directly to specific examples.

What are the uses of ethical theories?

Uses of Ethical Theories

Understanding moral dilemmas. Justifying professional obligations and ideas. Relating ordinary and professional morality.

What is the purpose of ethical theories and principles?

The ethical theories provide with perspectives and methods for identifying ethical dilemmas and issues, analyzing cases, determining the possible choices, and selecting a more right choice. Nursing ethics is part of the modern movement of bioethics.

Who developed ethical theory?

Duty theories of ethics are also called deontological theories, from the Greek word deon meaning “duty”. There have been many versions of duty theory, but we will look at two representative ones. The most influential duty theory in recent centuries is that by German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804).

What is a classical ethical theory?

Classical ethical theories

Virtue ethics is an approach to ethics that takes the notion of virtue (often conceived as excellence) as fundamental. Virtue ethics is primarily concerned with traits of character that are essential to human flourishing, not with the enumeration of duties.

What is right theory of ethics?

Rights theory is one particular duty-based theory of ethics. A right is a justified claim against another person’s behaviour. So rights and duties are related in that the rights of one person imply the duty of someone else to uphold that right.

Who first defined ethics?

Socrates
But, Aristotle continued, one can become virtuous by imitating the acts of virtuous individuals for “we are what we repeatedly do”. Socrates was the first to recognize the need to define ethical concepts and attempt to establish a universal standard.

What is the oldest ethical theory?

Virtue ethics is arguably the oldest ethical theory in the world, with origins in Ancient Greece. It defines good actions as ones that display embody virtuous character traits, like courage, loyalty, or wisdom.

What is Aristotle theory of ethics?

Aristotle’s ethics, or study of character, is built around the premise that people should achieve an excellent character (a virtuous character, “ethikÄ“ aretÄ“” in Greek) as a pre-condition for attaining happiness or well-being (eudaimonia).

Who defined ethics?

Richard William Paul and Linda Elder define ethics as “a set of concepts and principles that guide us in determining what behavior helps or harms sentient creatures”.