How do you classify flaps?

Multiple classifications have been described, but, in general, flaps for reconstruction are classified based upon the type of blood supply (ie, random, axial), proximity of the donor tissue to the recipient (ie, local, regional, distant), and tissue composition (eg, musculocutaneous, fasciocutaneous) [1].

What is flap and its types?

Flaps are of two main types, free flaps and pedicled flaps. Free flap: The flap with its blood vessel is disconnected and then attached to a blood vessel at a recipient site. Pedicled flap: Flap that has its blood supply with at least one artery and one vein.

What are the types of skin flaps?

Pivotal (geometric) flaps include rotation, transposition, and interpolation. Advancement flaps include single pedicle, bipedicle, and V-Y flaps. Tissue transferred from an noncontiguous anatomic site (ie, from a different part of the body) is referred to as a distant flap.

How many types of free flaps are there?

Three different types of free flaps were used: fasciocutaneous radial forearm flap (RFF), osseocutaneous fibula flap (FF), and musculocutaneous rectus abdominis flap (RAF).

What are the 4 types of flaps?

Overview of the 4 Types of Airplane Wing Flaps
  • #1) Plain Wing Flaps. The most common type of wing flap is plain. …
  • #2) Fowler Wing Flaps. Some airplanes have fowler wing flaps. …
  • #3) Split Wing Flaps. In addition to plain and fowler, there are split wing flaps. …
  • #4) Slotted Wing Flaps. Lastly, there are slotted wing flaps.

What is the difference between free flap and pedicle flap?

When the TRAM flap is a pedicle flap, it remains attached to its blood supply, with the tissue surgically tunneled underneath the skin to the breast region. When the TRAM flap is a free flap, the tissue is detached and cut away from its blood supply before being transferred.

What is difference between flap and graft?

What’s the difference between a graft and a flap? A graft is just the skin without a blood supply, whereas a flap is transferred with its blood supply intact. With a flap, larger amounts of tissue can be used, including muscle if required. Some reconstructions need both a flap and a graft.

Why is it called a free flap?

“Free” implies that the tissue is completely detached from its blood supply at the original location (“donor site”) and then transferred to another location (“recipient site”) and the circulation in the tissue re-established by anastomosis of artery(s) and vein(s).

What is an axial flap?

An axial pattern flap is a pedicle graft that incorporates a direct cutaneous artery and vein into its base. Island arterial flaps can be developed from axial pattern flaps by dividing the cutaneous pedicle, but preserving the direct cutaneous artery and vein entering the newly created “skin island”.

What is a flap in dentistry?

Surgery Overview

A flap procedure cleans the roots of a tooth and repairs bone damage caused by gum disease. A gum specialist (periodontist) or an oral surgeon often performs the procedure. Before the procedure, you will be given a local anesthetic to numb (freeze) the area where the doctor will work on your gums.

What are the different types of flaps in aircraft?

Here’s how they work.
  • 1) Plain Flaps. The most simple flap is the plain flap. …
  • 2) Split Flaps. Next up are split flaps, which deflect from the lower surface of the wing. …
  • 3) Slotted Flaps. Slotted flaps are the most commonly used flaps today, and they can be found on both small and large aircraft. …
  • 4) Fowler Flaps.

What are flaps on a plane?

Flaps are a high lift device consisting of a hinged panel or panels mounted on the trailing edge of the wing. When extended, they increase the camber and, in most cases, the chord and surface area of the wing resulting in an increase of both lift and drag and a reduction of the stall speed.

What is a flap in skin surgery?

A skin flap is a donor section of healthy skin and tissue that is partly detached from its existing position and has its own blood supply which it then moved to cover a wound that is nearby. As it has its own blood supply, skin flaps can be used on larger wounds and can include skin and fat, or skin, fat and muscle.

What is the most effective flap system?

Slotted flaps are popular on modern aircraft because they are the most efficient type of flaps on the market; they provide the most combination of lift and drag in terms of aerodynamics. A slotted flap increases in airplane’s wing camber, which means that the curve of the leading edge to the trailing edge rises.

What is purpose of wing flaps?

Wing flaps change the shape of the airplane wing. They divert the air around the wing as necessary. The setting of the flap determines whether they are used to increase lift (as on takeoff) or increase drag (used on landing.)

What is a difference between the Fowler flap system and split flap system?

Split flaps generate a lot of drag by disturbing the airflow on the underside of the wing. Fowler flaps move rearward and downward increasing the wing area and curvature.

Which flap gives the best lift coefficient?

Fowler. The Fowler flap provides the greatest amount of lift and the least amount of drag.

Which flap has the highest drag coefficient?

(camber)
The plain (camber) flap has the greatest drag. The best is double-slotted (three-slotted) flaps, to increase the lifting force — a retractable slotted (Fowler) flap.