What are the four types of neonatal jaundice?

Several types of Bilirubinemia have been reported in neonates including physiological jaundice, pathological jaundice, jaundice due to breastfeeding or breast milk and hemolytic jaundice including three subtypes due to Rh factor incompatibility, ABO blood group incompatibility and Jaundice associated with Glucose-6- …

What are the three types of neonatal jaundice?

What are the different types of newborn jaundice?
  • Physiological jaundice. The most common type of jaundice in newborns is physiological jaundice. …
  • Breastfeeding jaundice. Jaundice is more common in breastfed babies than formula-fed babies. …
  • Breast milk jaundice. Breast milk jaundice is different than breastfeeding jaundice.

What is jaundice and how can it be classified?

Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction.

What is difference between physiological and pathological jaundice?

In most cases, it is a mild, transient, and self-limiting condition and is referred to as “physiological Jaundice.” However, it is imperative to distinguish this from a more severe form called “pathological Jaundice.” Failure to identify and treat this entity may result in bilirubin encephalopathy and associated …

What are the two types of hyperbilirubinemia?

Depending on the type of bilirubin present in plasma, hyperbilirubinemias can be classified as unconjugated or conjugated hyperbilirubinemia [14].

What are the three classes of disorders that may cause jaundice?

The three main types of jaundice are prehepatic, hepatic, and posthepatic: Prehepatic (hemolytic) jaundice occurs when RBC lysis exceeds the liver’s capacity to conjugate bilirubin. Causes include transfusion reactions, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and autoimmune disease.

What is the difference between jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia?

Babies are not easily able to get rid of the bilirubin, and it can build up in the blood and other tissues and fluids of your baby’s body. This is called hyperbilirubinemia. Because bilirubin has a pigment or coloring, it causes a yellowing of your baby’s skin and tissues. This is called jaundice.

What are three common types of jaundice and its causes?

There are three main types of jaundice: pre-hepatic, hepatocellular, and post-hepatic. In pre-hepatic jaundice, there is excessive red cell breakdown which overwhelms the liver’s ability to conjugate bilirubin. This causes an unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia.

What is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice?

Jaundice is common in newborn babies because babies have a high number of red blood cells in their blood, which are broken down and replaced frequently. A newborn baby’s liver is not fully developed, so it’s less effective at processing the bilirubin and removing it from the blood.

How many types of jaundice are there?

The three main types of jaundice are prehepatic, hepatic, and posthepatic: Prehepatic (hemolytic) jaundice occurs when RBC lysis exceeds the liver’s capacity to conjugate bilirubin.

How is direct and indirect jaundice different?

Direct bilirubin is the conjugated form of bilirubin that is obtained as a catabolism product of haemoglobin. Indirect bilirubin is the direct product of the catabolism of haemoglobin. Highly soluble in water. Highly soluble in lipids.

What is the most common treatment for neonatal jaundice?

Phototherapy — Phototherapy (“light” therapy) is the most common medical treatment for hyperbilirubinemia in babies. In most cases, phototherapy is the only treatment required.

Which drugs can cause neonatal jaundice?

Administration of narcotic agents, barbiturates, aspirin, chloral hydrate, reserpine, and phenytoin sodium all resulted in lowering of infant serum bilirubin concentrations. Diazepam and, to a lesser extent, oxytocin caused an elevation of infant serum bilirubin concentrations.

What are the risk factors of neonatal jaundice?

Conclusion: The most common maternal risk factors for neonatal jaundice were prematurity, blood type incompatibilities, preeclampsia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, vaginal bleeding, delivery problems (type of delivery, labor injuries, delivery at home, skin ecchymosis, and cephalohematoma), mothers and community …

Which one drug is used in treatment of jaundice?

Glucocorticoids, including dexamethasone, prednisolone, and methylprednisolone, were widely used to treat jaundice in the patients with severe hepatitis, liver dysfunction or liver failure.

Which medicine is best for jaundice?

Jaundice usually doesn’t require treatment in adults (it’s a more severe problem in infants). The causes and complications of jaundice can be treated. For instance, if itching is bothersome, it may be eased by cholestyramine (Questran®).

What are two types of phototherapy?

Types of phototherapy include: Broad band UVB — Uses UV light, type B. It cannot be used in areas where there are skin folds. Narrow band UVB (nbUVB) — Uses a narrower range of UVB wavelengths.

Which antibiotic can cause jaundice?

Antibiotic-induced liver damage is the commonest cause of drug-induced hepatitis [7]. The penicillinase-resistant β-lactam antibiotics co-amoxiclav and flucloxacillin are the common culprits, and can cause protracted and severe cholestasis [8,9].

Which syrup is best for jaundice?

Trisoliv Syrup 200 ml works by removal of bile acids from the body.