Classification of kidney injury
What are the three classifications of acute kidney injury?
The causes of acute kidney injury can be divided into three categories (Table 29 ): prerenal (caused by decreased renal perfusion, often because of volume depletion), intrinsic renal (caused by a process within the kidneys), and postrenal (caused by inadequate drainage of urine distal to the kidneys).
What is kidney classification?
| GFR stages | GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | Terms |
|---|---|---|
| G1 | ≥90 | Normal or high |
| G2 | 60 to 89 | Mildly decreased |
| G3a | 45 to 59 | Mildly to moderately decreased |
| G3b | 30 to 44 | Moderately to severely decreased |
What are the stages of kidney injury?
Stage 1: Kidney damage with normal or increased GFR (>90 mL/min/1.73 m 2) Stage 2: Mild reduction in GFR (60-89 mL/min/1.73 m 2) Stage 3a: Moderate reduction in GFR (45-59 mL/min/1.73 m 2) Stage 3b: Moderate reduction in GFR (30-44 mL/min/1.73 m 2)
What is RIFLE classification system?
RIFLE, a newly developed international consensus classification for acute kidney injury, defines three grades of severity – risk (class R), injury (class I) and failure (class F) – but has not yet been evaluated in a clinical series.
What are the 5 stages of kidney failure?
Diagnosing Your CKD
- Stage 1: eGFR 90 or greater—kidneys working normally.
- Stage 2: eGFR 60 to 89—mild kidney damage.
- Stage 3a: eGFR 45 to 59—mild to moderate kidney damage.
- Stage 3b: eGFR 30 to 44—moderate to severe kidney damage.
- Stage 4: eGFR 15 to 29—severe kidney damage.
- Stage 5: eGFR less than 15—kidney failure.
What are the types of kidney diseases?
The two main types of kidney disease are short-term (acute kidney injury) and lifelong (chronic kidney disease). Most people recover fully from a short-term kidney disease, but it can increase their risk of developing a chronic kidney disease later in life.
What is RIFLE criteria for AKI?
| RIFLE | |
|---|---|
| Staging criteria | |
| Risk (RIFLE) or stage 1 (AKIN/KDIGO) | Increase in serum creatinine to 1.5 times baseline OR Urine output of <0.5 mL/kg/hour for 6 to 12 hours |
| Injury (RIFLE) or stage 2 (AKIN/KDIGO) | Increase in serum creatinine of to 2 times baseline OR Urine output of <0.5 mL/kg/hour for 12 to 24 hours |
How do you classify AKI and CKD?
The current definition and classification of AKI relies upon functional criteria including changes in serum creatinine (SCr) and urine output, whereas the definition for CKD incorporates both functional criteria (i.e. eGFR) as well as structural markers of kidney damage (e.g. albuminuria) [2,5].
What is a 3 fold rise in creatinine?
In RIFLE, failure is defined as a three-fold increase of serum creatinine or decrease in GFR of >75% or a urine output of <0.3 ml/kg per h for >24 h or anuria for >12 h. Alternatively, failure also is defined by a serum creatinine of >4 mg/dl (353.6 μmol/L) with an acute rise of 0.5 mg/dl (42.2 μmol/L).
What is the definition of the kidneys?
(KID-nee) One of a pair of organs in the abdomen. The kidneys remove waste and extra water from the blood (as urine) and help keep chemicals (such as sodium, potassium, and calcium) balanced in the body.
What are the 7 functions of the kidney?
How Your Kidneys Work
- remove waste products from the body.
- remove drugs from the body.
- balance the body’s fluids.
- release hormones that regulate blood pressure.
- produce an active form of vitamin D that promotes strong, healthy bones.
- control the production of red blood cells.
What determines renal failure classification?
Cause of CKD is classified based on presence or absence of systemic disease and the location within the kidney of observed or presumed pathologic-anatomic findings on kidney biopsy or imaging.
What are the 3 regions that make up a kidney?
The kidney is made up of three different regions internally: the outer cortex, the middle medulla (with the renal pyramids) and the inner-most renal pelvis. Scroll down the page for more detail of these specialized regions.
Can you live without kidneys?
Can you live without kidneys? Because your kidneys are so important, you cannot live without them. But it is possible to live a perfectly healthy life with only one working kidney.
What causes low creatinine?
The causes of a low serum creatinine concentration are generally well known and include reduced muscle bulk, liver disease, significant fluid overload and poor nutritional status but also augmented renal clearance as seen in pregnancy.
Can your kidney repair itself?
It was thought that kidney cells didn’t reproduce much once the organ was fully formed, but new research shows that the kidneys are regenerating and repairing themselves throughout life. Contrary to long-held beliefs, a new study shows that kidneys have the capacity to regenerate themselves.
When is it time to stop dialysis?
Consider what death is like for someone with kidney failure. It may be preferable to stop dialysis and die of kidney failure than to continue dialysis and wait for death from cancer, lung disease, stroke, or another concurrent illness.