Classification of leprosy
What are the 3 types of leprosy?
What are the three types of leprosy?
- Tuberculoid leprosy. Someone with this type of leprosy usually has mild symptoms, developing only a few sores. …
- Lepromatous leprosy. People with this type of leprosy have widespread sores and lesions affecting nerves, skin and organs. …
- Borderline leprosy.
Which test is used for classification of types of leprosy?
The lepromin skin test is used to determine what type of leprosy a person has.
What is the Ridley Jopling classification of leprosy?
The Ridley-Jopling system classifies leprosy as an immune-mediated spectral disease with tuberculoid leprosy (TT) at one end of the spectrum and lepromatous leprosy (LL) at the other end. These two ends of the spec- trum are considered to be clinically stable.
What is the most common type of leprosy?
Borderline, or dimorphous, Hansen’s disease is the most common form. When compared to tuberculoid or lepromatous forms, it is of intermediate severity. The skin lesions seem to be of the tuberculoid type, but are more numerous, and may be found anywhere on the body.
What is Type 1 and Type 2 lepra reaction?
Leprosy reactions are divided into type 1 reaction (or reversal reaction, RR), and type 2 reaction (or erythema nodosum leprosum, ENL). Type 1 reactions result from the activation of cell immunity, expressed clinically by exacerbation of skin and nerve trunk inflammation, leading to sensory and motor alterations.
WHO guideline for leprosy?
The currently recommended MDT regimen consists of medicines: dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine. This treatment lasts six months for pauci-bacillary and 12 months for multi-bacillary cases. MDT kills the pathogen and cures the patient. Since 1981 WHO has provided MDT free of cost.
What are the 4 types of leprosy?
Leprosy
- Borderline Lepromatous Leprosy.
- Borderline Tuberculoid Leprosy.
- Indeterminate Leprosy.
- Lepromatous Leprosy.
- Midborderline Leprosy.
- Tuberculoid Leprosy.
What is the difference between tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy?
Tuberculoid leprosy symptoms are a few well-defined skin lesions that are numb. Lepromatous leprosy symptoms are a chronically stuffy nose and many skin lesions and nodules on both sides of the body.
What is the vaccine for leprosy?
Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) has been the most popular among these, but with a widely varying protective efficacy reported from different parts of the world. In three meta-analyses, BCG has shown strong evidence of efficacy against leprosy.
What is PCR test for leprosy?
Detection of Mycobacterium leprae in slit skin smear (SSS) is a gold standard technique for the leprosy diagnosis. Over recent years, molecular diagnosis by using PCR has been increasingly used as an alternative for its diagnosis due to its higher sensitivity.
Is lepromin test diagnostic?
Lepromin testing
This test indicates host resistance to Mycobacterium leprae. Its results do not confirm the diagnosis, but they are useful in determining the type of leprosy.
Which type of leprosy shows positive result on lepromin skin test?
A positive skin reaction may be seen in people with specific forms of leprosy, such as tuberculoid and borderline tuberculoid leprosy. People with lepromatous leprosy will not have a positive skin reaction.
How do they diagnose leprosy?
To confirm the diagnosis, your doctor will take a sample of your skin or nerve (through a skin or nerve biopsy) to look for the bacteria under the microscope and may also do tests to rule out other skin diseases.
How many types of leprosy are there?
Leprosy has traditionally been classified into two major types, tuberculoid and lepromatous. Patients with tuberculoid leprosy have limited disease and relatively few bacteria in the skin and nerves, while lepromatous patients have widespread disease and large numbers of bacteria.
What is histamine test in leprosy?
Thus the histamine test can be used to test integrity of dermal nerves in cases of tuberculoid leprosy. One drop of histamine acid diphosphate 1 in 1000 (1 mg/ml) is placed on the skin surface. Superficial prick is made through the drop and bright flare will appear within a minute if dermal nerves are intact.
What is Mitsuda test?
The Mitsuda test is a skin test based on the individual’s immune response through late and highly specific hypersensitivity reaction to the Mycobacterium leprae bacillus. A negative reaction identifies individuals who present a higher risk of becoming ill if exposed to M.
What are the stages of leprosy?
3. Ridley-Jopling classification
| Classification | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Borderline tuberculoid Hansen’s disease | Lesions similar to tuberculoid but more numerous; more nerve involvement |
| Mid-borderline Hansen’s disease | Reddish plaques; moderate numbness; swollen lymph nodes; more nerve involvement |
What is the vaccine for leprosy?
Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) has been the most popular among these, but with a widely varying protective efficacy reported from different parts of the world. In three meta-analyses, BCG has shown strong evidence of efficacy against leprosy.