Classification of leptospira
What is the classification of leptospirosis?
| Leptospira | |
|---|---|
| Class: | Spirochaetia |
| Order: | Leptospirales |
| Family: | Leptospiraceae |
| Genus: | Leptospira Noguchi 1917 non Swainson 1840 non Boucot, Johnson & Staton 1964 |
How many types of leptospirosis are there?
Leptospirosis is a disease that is caused by spirochete bacteria in the genus Leptospira. There are 10 pathogenic species, and more than 250 pathogenic serovars.
Which are the two types of leptospirosis?
There are two main types of leptospirosis. Mild leptospirosis: This accounts for 90 percent of cases. Symptoms include muscle pain, chills, and possibly a headache. Severe leptospirosis: Between 5 and 15 percent of cases can progress to severe leptospirosis.
What type of virus is leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects humans and animals. It is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. In humans, it can cause a wide range of symptoms, some of which may be mistaken for other diseases. Some infected persons, however, may have no symptoms at all.
What are the 4 strains of leptospirosis?
Because Grippotyphosa and Bratislava have emerged as major causes of canine leptospirosis in Europe [12,17,18,19], new canine Leptospira vaccines containing antigens from up to four different serogroups, Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Australis and Grippotyphosa, have been introduced in the area [20,21].
What is another name of leptospirosis?
INTRODUCTION Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by the spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Synonyms include Weil’s disease, Weil-Vasiliev disease, Swineherd’s disease, rice-field fever, waterborne fever, nanukayami fever, cane-cutter fever, swamp fever, mud fever, Stuttgart disease, and Canicola fever.
What are the three common symptoms of leptospirosis?
Muscle aches. Vomiting. Jaundice (yellow skin and eyes)
What are the causes of leptospirosis?
The bacteria can enter the body through skin or mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth), especially if the skin is broken from a cut or scratch. Drinking contaminated water can also cause infection. Outbreaks of leptospirosis are usually caused by exposure to contaminated water, such as floodwaters.
Which of the following are characteristics of leptospirosis?
The diagnosis of leptospirosis should be considered in any patient with an acute illness characterized by headache, myalgia, fever, chills and conjunctival suffusion, and in any patient in whom “aseptic meningitis” develops following an acute febrile illness of five to seven days’ duration.
What are the stages of leptospirosis?
Two distinct phases of illness are observed in the mild form: the septicemic (acute) phase and the immune (delayed) phase. In icteric leptospirosis, the 2 phases of illness are often continuous and indistinguishable. At disease onset, clinically predicting the severity of disease is not possible.
Where is leptospirosis most common?
Where are you going? Leptospirosis is found in countries around the world. It is most common in temperate or tropical climate regions that include South and Southeast Asia, Oceania, the Caribbean, parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of Latin America.
How long does leptospirosis last?
The illness lasts from a few days to 3 weeks or longer. Without treatment, recovery may take several months.
Does leptospirosis have a cure?
Leptospirosis is treatable with antibiotics. If an animal is treated early, it may recover more rapidly and any organ damage may be less severe. Other treatment methods, such as dialysis and hydration therapy may be required.
What are the causes of leptospirosis?
The bacteria can enter the body through skin or mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth), especially if the skin is broken from a cut or scratch. Drinking contaminated water can also cause infection. Outbreaks of leptospirosis are usually caused by exposure to contaminated water, such as floodwaters.
What is the complication of leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis may be complicated by jaundice and renal failure (“Weil’s disease”), pulmonary hemorrhage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), uveitis, optic neuritis, peripheral neuropathy, myocarditis, and rhabdomyolysis [36-40]. Renal failure is often nonoliguric and associated with hypokalemia.
Who is most at risk for leptospirosis?
Risk of Exposure
- Farmers.
- Mine workers.
- Sewer workers.
- Slaughterhouse workers.
- Veterinarians and animal caretakers.
- Fish workers.
- Dairy farmers.
- Military personnel.
What is the medicine for leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is treated with antibiotics, such as doxycycline or penicillin, which should be given early in the course of the disease. Intravenous antibiotics may be required for persons with more severe symptoms.
What animal causes leptospirosis?
What animals spread leptospirosis? Many wild animals carry the bacteria without getting sick. These animals include rodents like rats, mice, and squirrels, as well as raccoons, skunks, opossums, foxes, and deer.