What classification is fluoroquinolones?

Fluoroquinolones are potent broad spectrum antibacterial agents. Two classifications have been described: chemical and biological. Quinolones can be classified into 4 groups according to their chemical structures: monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic and tetracyclic derivatives.

What is the mechanism of action of levofloxacin?

The mechanism of action of levofloxacin and other fluoroquinolone antimicrobials involves inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase (both of which are type II topoisomerases), enzymes required for DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination.

What are the 3 classifications of antibiotics?

Antibiotics can be categorized by their spectrum of activity—namely, whether they are narrow-, broad-, or extended-spectrum agents. Narrow-spectrum agents (e.g., penicillin G) affect primarily gram-positive bacteria.

What is the indication of levofloxacin?

Levofloxacin is FDA-approved for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, acute bacterial prostatitis, acute pyelonephritis, urinary tract infection, skin or skin structure infections, prophylaxis, and …

What is another name for levofloxacin?

Levofloxacin is available under the following different brand names: Levaquin, and Levofloxacin Systemic.

What is Levofloxacin used for treating?

Levofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, such as those in the lungs, urinary tract, kidneys, sinuses, and skin. Healthcare providers often prescribe it to treat pneumonia, sinusitis, bronchitis, or prostatitis, for example.

Why levofloxacin is used for UTI?

Fluoroquinolones have been recommended as the antimicrobials of choice for the empirical treatment of complicated urinary tract. Levofloxacin is a broad spectrum agent, which is known to demonstrate good clinical efficacy against urinary tract infection (UTI).

What is the mechanism of action of the fluoroquinolones?

Fluoroquinolones act by inhibiting two enzymes involved in bacterial DNA synthesis, both of which are DNA topoisomerases that human cells lack and that are essential for bacterial DNA replication, thereby enabling these agents to be both specific and bactericidal.

What is the mechanism of action of quinolones?

As mentioned above, quinolone drugs are active against type II topoisomerases and act by blocking DNA replication and inhibiting synthesis and cell division (Vila, 2005).

What is the mechanism of action of quinolones on bacteria?

Quinolones act by converting their targets, gyrase and topoisomerase IV, into toxic enzymes that fragment the bacterial chromosome.

What is the mechanism of action of quinolone antibacterial agents?

The quinolone class of antibiotics inhibits the DNA synthesis of bacteria by disrupting the bacterial topoisomerase type II; inhibiting the catalytic activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. These two enzymes are critical bacterial enzymes that regulate the chromosomal supercoiling required for DNA synthesis.

What are the 4 classes of antibiotics?

Antibiotic class defines a set of related antibiotics. State-level rates of penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones are displayed. Also displayed are all antibiotic classes, which include these four classes plus additional classes not available for release at the state level.

What are the 5 mechanisms of action of antibiotics?

Antimicrobial agents can be divided into groups based on the mechanism of antimicrobial activity. The main groups are: agents that inhibit cell wall synthesis, depolarize the cell membrane, inhibit protein synthesis, inhibit nuclei acid synthesis, and inhibit metabolic pathways in bacteria.