What are the types of lipid disorders?

Types of familial lipid disorders
  • Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) High total cholesterol. …
  • Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100. …
  • Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia) …
  • Familial hypertriglyceridemia. …
  • Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

How do you classify hyperlipidemia?

Classification. Hyperlipidemias may basically be classified as either familial (also called primary) when caused by specific genetic abnormalities or acquired (also called secondary) when resulting from another underlying disorder that leads to alterations in plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism.

What is considered a lipid disorder?

What is a lipid disorder? If your doctor says you have a lipid disorder, that means you have high blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and fats called triglycerides, or both. High levels of these substances increase your risk for developing heart disease.

What is the Fredrickson classification?

Fredrickson (1967) classified and described hyperlipidaemias, based on which classes of lipoprotein were elevated, so hyperlipoprotinaemias. Paper electrophoresis of lipoprotein was added to measurement of serum cholesterol and triglycerides. He described five types of hyperlipoprotinaemias, Types I to V.

What are the five types of hyperlipidemia?

Chylomicrons (CM),verylow-densitylipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins(LDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) and high-densitylipoproteins (HDL) are the five classes of lipoproteins present in plasma.

What is difference between hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia?

Hyperlipidemia means your blood has too many lipids (or fats), such as cholesterol and triglycerides. One type of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, means you have too much non-HDL cholesterol and LDL (bad) cholesterol in your blood. This condition increases fatty deposits in arteries and the risk of blockages.

What is Type 4 hyperlipidemia?

Familial hypertriglyceridemia (type IV familial dyslipidemia) is a disorder characterized by the overproduction of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) from the liver. As a result, the patient will have an excessive number of triglycerides and VLDL on the lipid profile that can cause acute pancreatitis.

How many types of hyperlipidemia are there?

There are two main classifications of hyperlipidemia: familial and acquired. The familial type stems from genes you inherit from your parents. The acquired type is the result of: underlying health conditions.

What is the difference between primary and secondary hypercholesterolemia?

Hyperlipidemias are divided into primary and secondary subtypes. Primary hyperlipidemia is usually due to genetic causes and is inherited, while secondary hyperlipidemia is an acquired condition and arises due to other underlying causes, such as diabetes or obesity.

What is Type 4 hyperlipidemia?

Familial hypertriglyceridemia (type IV familial dyslipidemia) is a disorder characterized by the overproduction of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) from the liver. As a result, the patient will have an excessive number of triglycerides and VLDL on the lipid profile that can cause acute pancreatitis.

How are hyperlipoproteinemia and hyperlipidemia classified?

Hyperlipoproteinemia refers to a group of acquired and inherited disorders whose common denominator is excessive levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, caused by a metabolic disorder. It is also referred to as hyperlipidemia.

Is hyperlipidemia a cardiovascular disease?

Abstract. Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder and one of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Clinical studies have shown that hyperlipidemia increases the risk of non-ischemic heart failure, while decreasing serum lipids can reverse heart dysfunction.

Is hyperlipidemia chronic or acute?

Hyperlipidemia is usually chronic, requiring ongoing statin medication to control blood lipid levels.

How many types of hyperlipidemia are there?

There are two main classifications of hyperlipidemia: familial and acquired. The familial type stems from genes you inherit from your parents. The acquired type is the result of: underlying health conditions.

What is the difference between primary and secondary hypercholesterolemia?

Hyperlipidemias are divided into primary and secondary subtypes. Primary hyperlipidemia is usually due to genetic causes and is inherited, while secondary hyperlipidemia is an acquired condition and arises due to other underlying causes, such as diabetes or obesity.

What is secondary hypercholesterolemia?

Secondary hyperlipidemia is an abnormal rise in blood lipids (fats), including cholesterol and triglycerides. It does not cause noticeable symptoms, but it can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.

What are the two main causes of hyperlipidemia?

Various hyperlipidemia causes include:
  • Smoking.
  • Drinking a lot of alcohol.
  • Eating foods that have a lot of saturated fats or trans fats.
  • Sitting too much instead of being active.
  • Being stressed.
  • Inheriting genes that make your cholesterol levels unhealthy.
  • Being overweight.

What is the main cause of dyslipidemia?

Dyslipidemia is classified into primary and secondary dyslipidemia. Primary causes are single or multiple gene mutations that result in either overproduction or defective clearance of triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or in underproduction or excessive clearance of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

What causes hypercholesterolemia?

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) can be caused by inherited changes (mutations) in the LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 genes, which affect how your body regulates and removes cholesterol from your blood. About 60-80% of people with FH have a mutation found in one of these three genes.

What is the best treatment for hyperlipidemia?

Statins are the most commonly prescribed lipid-lowering agents because they are effective, well tolerated and easy to administer. Niacin has beneficial effects on all of the main lipid components, and new extended-release tablets have fewer adverse effects.

What is the best treatment for hypercholesterolemia?

Statins — Statins are one of the best-studied classes of medications and the most commonly used drugs for lowering LDL cholesterol. They are the most effective drugs for prevention of coronary heart disease, heart attack, stroke, and death.