Classification of maize plant
What are the classifications of maize?
The six major types of maize are dent corn, flint corn, pod corn, popcorn, flour corn, and sweet corn.
What are characteristics of maize plant?
Botanical features
Maize is a tall, determinate, annual C4 plant varying in height from <1 to >4 meters producing large, narrow, opposing leaves, borne alternately along the length of a solid stem.
Who gave maize classification?
(The term “teosinte” describes all species and subspecies in the genus Zea, excluding Zea mays ssp. mays.) In the late 1930s, Paul Mangelsdorf suggested that domesticated maize was the result of a hybridization event between an unknown wild maize and a species of Tripsacum, a related genus.
What is the scientific name of maize plant?
Corn—also known as maize, goes by the scientific name Zea mays subsp. mays, and is a part of the grass family or Poaceae.
What is the importance of maize?
Maize or corn (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop of the world. It is a source of nutrition as well as phytochemical compounds. Phytochemicals play an important role in preventing chronic diseases. It contains various major phytochemicals such as carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and phytosterols.
What are the characteristics of a maize seed?
The basic parameters of physical maize seeds characteristics mainly include thousand grain weight, moisture content, density, and geometry size. The tribological parameters include the coefficient of static friction, coefficient of rolling friction, angle of natural repose, etc.
What is the type of leaf of maize?
The maize leaf is composed of a stem-gripping proximal sheath and a long distal blade joined together by an auricle and membranous ligule. This hinge-like region allows the blade and supporting midrib to bend away from the stem, thereby affecting plant architecture and yield.
What type of roots does maize have?
The root system of maize can be divided into an embryonic root system (Abbe and Stein, 1954) consisting of a single primary root and a variable number of seminal roots, and a post‐embryonic root system which is made up by shoot‐borne roots.
What is the morphology of maize plant?
(a) Maize (Zea mays) exhibits a predominantly unbranched morphology, with a single main axis bearing a terminal male inflorescence (tassel) and one or more female lateral inflorescences (ears).
What causes maize disease?
Caused by a number of Fusarium species, with the disease occurring on crop residues and spreading to the growing plant. Symptoms appear after flowering and infects the cob via the silks, forming a mycelium sheath starting at the apex of the ear and progressing downwards.
How can we control maize pests?
Dig out a core from the soil and leave it for an hour on a warm day. If the larvae are present, they will come up to the surface. Control There is no spray chemical control available but if there are any larvae visible, an insecticide seed dressing of Sonido (thiacloprid) should be applied.
Which is the best fertilizer for maize?
Nitrogen: Nitrogen is the most important nutrient and role player in the growth, yield and quality of maize crops. Nitrogen fertilizer is essential to promote good leaf growth.
What nutrients does maize need?
Like many other crops, maize requires three primary nutrients – nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K). According to the PDA, P is particularly required by the growing tips of the plant, hence it’s importance for root growth.
How do you increase maize yield?
Maize yield is increased by establishing the correct number of plants to create and maintain an efficient green leaf canopy and then maximising the number of grains per cob and the weight of each grain. This requires a balanced crop nutrition programme including all macro and micronutrients.
What causes stunted growth in maize?
The maize plant will seem stunted with quite a straight up, erect appearance when sulphur is in short supply. This is made worse in acidic soils as well as light, sandy soils where leaching is a problem. It is also exacerbated by soils with low levels of organic matter or if the soils are poorly aerated or waterlogged.