What is mandibular continuity defect?

Mandibular continuity defect is defined as loss of a portion of the bone resulting in a gap of ∼2cm or more in the lower jaw. The etiology is mainly acquired and rarely congenital.

What is Hemimandibulectomy?

Medical Definition of hemimandibulectomy

: surgical removal of one lateral half of the mandible.

What is segmental Mandibulectomy?

Segmental mandibulectomy: Your surgeon removes a large portion of your jawbone and rebuilds your jaw. Typically, your surgeon uses bone, an artery, a vein and soft tissue from another part of your body (called mandibulectomy and free-flap reconstruction).

What is step deformity in mandibular fracture?

Intraorally, if the fracture occurs in the tooth bearing area, a step may seen between the teeth on either side of the fracture or a space can be seen (often mistaken for a lost tooth) and bleeding from the gingiva in the area. There can be an open bite where the lower teeth, no longer meet the upper teeth.

What is stafne defect?

Stafne bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic bone lesions that were first described by Stafne who reported 35 cases. 1. They are well-circumscribed ovoid radiolucent bone defects usually located lingually on the posterior mandible below the inferior alveolar canal.

What is the cause of mandibular hypoplasia?

The etiology of mandibular hypoplasia is unclear. It may be the result of a positional malformation, intrinsic growth abnormalities, or a connective tissue disorder. Attempts have been made to explain why fetal micrognathia is associated with different syndromes.

What causes mandibular deviation?

Causes of mandibular deviation

Traumatic injuries to the mandible. Inheritance and congenital problems. Posterior crossbites resulting in the abnormal growth of the mandible. Untreated mandibular functional shift.

What is the most common type of mandibular dislocation?

Symmetric mandibular dislocation is most common, but unilateral dislocation with the jaw deviating to the opposite side can also occur. Superior and posterior dislocations of the TMJ are very rare and usually associated with high-energy trauma [8].

How is Infrabony defect treated?

There are several available surgical treatments for infrabony defects, including: 1. open flap debridement in which the gum is lifted back surgically in order to clean the deep tartar; 2. bone graft in which a portion of natural or synthetic bone is placed in the area of bone loss; 3.

What causes mandibular asymmetry?

In contrast to congenitally acquired forms, mandibular asymmetry more commonly develops postnatally from a variety of potential causes, including inflammatory resorptive changes to the condyle, hyperplastic condylar growth, asymmetry of the cranial base, and trauma.

What is mandibular micrognathia?

Micrognathia is a condition in which the lower jaw is undersized. It is a symptom of a variety of craniofacial conditions. Sometimes called mandibular hypoplasia, micrognathia may interfere with your child’s feeding and breathing.

What causes lateral deviation of the mandible?

The midline displacement with posterior monolateral cross bite is caused by width discrepancy between the upper and lower dental arch resulting in a lateral shifting of the mandible. This laterodeviation is also called “laterale forced bite” or “articular cross bite”.

What is mandibular deviation?

Mandibular deviation is one of the common craniofacial deformities with a lateral shift in the midline of the mandible [1], which results from the asymmetric growth of mandible or other certain diseases affecting the facial growth.

How common is mandibular asymmetry?

Gribel et al27 assessed mandibular asymmetries by means of cone-beam computed tomography of 250 Class I subjects and found a prevalence of 44% of mild-to-severe asymmetries.

How is mandibular asymmetry treated?

Mandibular asymmetry may be treated surgically by condylectomy, subcondylar osteotomy, ostectomy in the body of the mandible, or by more complicated procedures in isolated cases. A few are benefited by prosthetic appliances and a rather significant number do not require or desire treatment.

What are the four categories of mandibular fractures?

Mandibular fractures can be classified in relation to their anatomic localisation (Fig. 1) as follows: symphysis/parasymphysis (30–50%), horizontal branch (21–36%), angle (15–26%), ramus (2–4%), condyle (20–26%), and coronoid process (1–2%).

What is mandibular deficiency?

The mandibular deficiency syndrome is a constellation of abnormalities, including a spectrum of skeletal, neuromuscular, occlusal, and esthetic conditions. The extremes of this syndrome exhibit different skeletal and esthetic morphology and growth patterns.

What is Interincisal angle?

The interincisal angle measures the external angle subtended by the long axes of the maxillary and mandibular central incisors (Figure 2). It determines the degree of labial inclination or proclination of the incisors. The more proclined the incisors, the lower the interincisal angle.

What are the 3 classifications of fractures?

In this article we look at the three primary types of fractures: open, closed, and displaced fractures.

Which classification is used for mandibular fracture?

Mandibular fractures are also classified as simple or comminuted and closed and compound. Fractures in- volving teeth are always compound as the periodontal lig- ament space is open in the oral cavity.