What are the 3 classifications of fractures?

In this article we look at the three primary types of fractures: open, closed, and displaced fractures.

How do you classify a maxillofacial fracture?

Anterior type I palatal fracture involves the incisor teeth and involving the posterior teeth it is defined as type 1b palatal fracture. Type II palatal fracture is defined as sagittal fracture which is less common in adults. Type III and IV fractures are the most common palatal fractures in adults [11].

What is the classification of maxilla?

Vertical classification: I—maxillectomy not causing an oronasal fistula; II—not involving the orbit; III—involving the orbital adnexae with orbital retention; IV—with orbital enucleation or exenteration; V—orbitomaxillary defect; VI—nasomaxillary defect.

What are the 7 types of fractures?

The Different Types of Bone Fractures
  • Transverse fracture. A transverse fracture occurs when a bone breaks at a 90-degree angle to the long axis of the bone. …
  • Oblique fracture. …
  • Comminuted fracture. …
  • Greenstick fracture. …
  • Stress fracture. …
  • Pathologic fracture.

What is Le Fort classification?

The classification of Le Fort fractures is based on the plane of injury: type I is a horizontal injury, type II is a pyramidal injury, and type III is a very extensive transverse injury that often results in a craniofacial dislocation.

What is Le Fort 2 fracture?

LeFort II fractures transect the nasal bones, medial-anterior orbital walls, orbital floor, inferior orbital rims and finally transversely fracture the posterior maxilla and pterygoid plates. LeFort III fractures result in craniofacial disjunction.

What are the classification of fracture?

Your provider will classify your fracture as either open or closed. If you have an open fracture, your bone breaks through your skin. Open fractures are sometimes referred to as compound fractures. Open fractures usually take longer to heal and have an increased risk of infections and other complications.

What are 4 types of fractures?

There are many types of fractures, but the main categories are displaced, non-displaced, open, and closed.

How is a maxillary fracture diagnosed?

Imaging. Clinical examination is usually sufficient and plain X-rays are generally of little benefit. If the nasal fracture appears to be part of a wider fracture pattern, including the frontal bone or maxilla, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the facial bones is advised.

What is a maxillary fracture?

Maxilla (upper jaw) fracture occurs as a result of blunt trauma, car accidents, running into an object or assault. These fractures are also called jaw fractures or Le Fort I fracture.

What is the 2nd most common facial fracture?

In patients who require surgery, the most commonly fractured bone is the mandible (41.6–75.2%) [1, 13, 15]. The second and third most commonly fractured bones vary with the series, being the maxilla and orbit (39.8% each) in one series [1] but the malar bone (15.2%) and maxilla (6.4%) in another [15].

What is a maxillary sinus fracture?

Maxillary sinus fractures (MSFs) are most commonly caused by blunt force trauma to the face. Depending on the magnitude and location of the direct injury, MSFs can vary in appearance and symptomatology.

How is a maxillary fracture treated?

Treatment of maxillary fractures

Surgery typically involves fixation with screws and plates. After surgery, the jaws may need to be immobilized but often for only a few days, after which people should eat only soft foods for several weeks.

What are the symptoms of maxillary fracture?

Broken cheekbone/upper jaw (zygomatic maxillary fracture)
  • Flatness of the cheek.
  • Altered sensation underneath the eye on the affected side.
  • Problems with eyesight.
  • Pain with jaw movement.

Which muscle causes displacement of maxillary fracture?

Dorsal and caudal pull of the medial pterygoid muscles can contribute to the posterior displacement of the maxilla and the resultant anterior open bite (Fig. 55.10a, b).

What is treatment for facial fracture?

In general, fractures may be treated by performing a closed reduction (resetting the broken bone or bones without surgery) or an open reduction (surgery that requires an incision to reposition the fractured bones). For a complex fracture with multiple broken bones, you will need reconstructive surgery.

Can a fractured maxilla heal on its own?

Your doctor may recommend alternatives if the fracture isn’t serious enough to require surgery and will heal on its own.