Classification of plant parasitic nematodes ppt
What are the basic classification of nematodes?
The two primary classes in phylum Nematoda are Enoplea and Chromadorea. Both classes consist of free-living and parasitic worms that live in a wide variety of habitats. They are distinguished from each other through anatomical features.
What are the types of parasitic nematodes?
Nematodes parasitic on humans include ascaris, filarial nematodes, hookworms, pinworms, and whipworms. Species include Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, Trichinella spiralis, Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus, etc.
What are 3 types of nematodes?
Nematodes that commonly parasitise humans include ascarids (Ascaris), filarias, hookworms, pinworms (Enterobius), and whipworms (Trichuris trichiura). The species Trichinella spiralis, commonly known as the ‘trichina worm’, occurs in rats, pigs, bears, and humans, and is responsible for the disease trichinosis.
How many types of plant nematodes are there?
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are a serious menace to a variety of crop plants worldwide (Ali et al., 2017). Over 4300 species have been reported as PPNs within 197 genera, which accounts for 7% of the phylum Nematoda (Decraemer and Hunt, 2006).
What is a plant parasitic nematode?
Nematodes that feed on plant parts are called plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) and are ubiquitous in agricultural soils. The life cycle of a nematode includes eggs, juveniles and adults, and they can overwinter at any of these stages.
What are the two types of nematodes?
The two nematode classes, the Chromadorea and Enoplea, have diverged so long ago, over 550 million years, that it is difficult to accurately know the age of the two lineages of the phylum (Figure 1). Figure 1. Nematodes are multicellular animals in the group Ecdysozoa, or animals that can shed their cuticle.
What are the major characteristics of nematodes?
Nematodes are bilaterally symmetrical, elongate, and usually tapered at both ends. Some species possess a pseudocoel, a fluid-filled body cavity between the digestive tract and the body wall. Like arthropods and members of six other phyla, nematodes secrete an external cuticle that is periodically molted.
What is the scientific name for nematodes?
How many nematodes are parasitic?
Of the eighteen Orders in the phylum Nematoda, seven contain nematodes that are parasites or associates of invertebrates, and six include species that are parasites of vertebrate animals.
What are nematode parasites?
Description: What Is a Nematode? Nematodes are microscopic, whitish to transparent, unsegmented worms. They occupy almost every habitat on earth, both aquatic and terrestrial, and are among the most common multi-celled organisms.
How many species of Nematoda are parasitic to humans?
Recent data have demonstrated that approximately 60 species of roundworms parasitize humans. Intestinal roundworm infections constitute the largest group of helminthic diseases in humans.
Are all nematodes parasitic?
Not all nematodes are parasites. Some work for their daily bread like the rest of us, foraging for food in water or soil. There are predatory nematodes who use their piercing stylets to attack and devour protists or other microbes.
What are the two types of nematodes?
The two nematode classes, the Chromadorea and Enoplea, have diverged so long ago, over 550 million years, that it is difficult to accurately know the age of the two lineages of the phylum (Figure 1). Figure 1. Nematodes are multicellular animals in the group Ecdysozoa, or animals that can shed their cuticle.
What is the most common parasitic nematode?
Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest and most common intestinal nematode of humans. Females are approximately 30 cm long; sexually mature males are smaller.
Why are plant parasitic nematodes important?
Free-living nematodes help in microbial colonization of substrates and mineralization of nutrients by disseminating microbial propagules throughout soil. In addition, nematode metabolites may also stimulate specific bacterial growth by releasing growth-limiting nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and vitamins.
What are the characteristics of nematode?
Nematodes are bilaterally symmetrical, elongate, and usually tapered at both ends. Some species possess a pseudocoel, a fluid-filled body cavity between the digestive tract and the body wall. Like arthropods and members of six other phyla, nematodes secrete an external cuticle that is periodically molted.
What are the features of plant parasitic nematodes?
Plant nematodes are tiny worms usually 0.25 mm to 3 mm long ( 1 / 100 ” to 1 / 8 “) and cylindrical, tapering toward the head and tail. Females of a few species lose their worm shape as they mature, becoming pear-, lemon- or kidney- shaped.
What is the scientific name for nematodes?
What are nematodes function?
Nematodes as Natural Enemies and Biological Control Agents
Predatory nematodes are of interest because of their role in regulating the populations of other organisms. They generally feed on smaller organisms like protozoa and other nematodes.
What is the life cycle of nematodes?
The life cycle of nematode has six stages. The egg state, J1 or first stage larva, J2 or second stage larva, J3 or third stage larva, J4 or fourth stage larva and the adult stage. The first four stages are the immature stages and are known as juvenile stages.