What are the classification of sewage?

Sewage may be classified mainly into two types, namely, domestic and industrial. All household wastes and human and animal excrete constitute domestic sewage, whereas the industrial wastes constitute industrial sewage.

What is a sewer called?

There are three types of modern sewer systems: Sanitary sewers (also called foul sewers), storm sewers (also called surface water sewers), and combined sewers.

What are the components of sewer?

Sewerage (or sewage system) is the infrastructure that conveys sewage or surface runoff (stormwater, meltwater, rainwater) using sewers. It encompasses components such as receiving drains, manholes, pumping stations, storm overflows, and screening chambers of the combined sewer or sanitary sewer.

What are the two main types of sewers?

Modern sewerage systems fall under two categories: domestic and industrial sewers and storm sewers. Sometimes a combined system provides only one network of pipes, mains, and outfall sewers for all types of sewage and runoff.

Which shape of sewer is best?

Sewers are generally circular in shape. The advantages of circular sewers are: The perimeter of circular sewer is the least with respect to the sewer of other shapes. The inner surface is smooth hence the flow of sewage is uniform and there is no chance of deposition of suspended particles.

What is the purpose of sewers?

The main function of a sanitary sewer system is to protect water quality and public health. A series of underground pipes and manholes, pumping stations, and other appurtenances convey sewage from homes, businesses and industries to wastewater treatment plants where it is cleaned and returned to the environment.

What are the 3 types of sewage treatment?

There are three main stages of the wastewater treatment process, aptly known as primary, secondary and tertiary water treatment.

What is the difference between sewer and sewage?

What is the difference between Sewer and Sewage? Sewage is the human waste that is carried through underground pipes to the sewage treatment plant of the city. Sewer is the term used for the structure that carries human waste out of the households and the community to the treatment plant.

What are the shapes and materials used in design of sewer?

Following materials are generally used in the construction of sewer: 1. Bricks 2. Vitrified Clays or Stoneware Pipes 3. Cement Concrete Pipes 4.

What are various sewer appurtenances?

Some of the important sewer appurtenances are:

Manholes, Drop Manholes, Lamp-Holes, Street inlets, Catch Basins or Catch Pits, Inverted Siphons, Clean-Outs, Flushing Devices, grease & Oil Traps and Storm Water Regulators.

What are non circular shapes adopted for sewers?

(ii) Sewers of Other Sections:

In such cases sewers of other shapes such as semi-elliptical, parabolic, horse-shoe, rectangular or U- shaped in which the bottom is comparatively flat may be adopted.

What are the characteristics of egg shaped sewers?

Egg-shaped sewers have been shown to have a higher flow velocity under low-flow conditions than circular sewers: they exhibit higher shear stress and greater sediment transport capacity (Marriott, 1996; Regueiro-Picallo et al., 2017).

What is a lamp hole?

A small, vertical pipe or shaft extending from the surface of the ground to a sewer. A light (or lamp) may be lowered down the pipe for the purpose of inspecting the sewer.

What is catch basin in sewer?

A catch basin is essentially a drainage solution for landscaping systems. This item typically contains a grate with a pipe used to drain excess water through and away from the area.