What are the different types of urticaria?

Urticaria factitia: Rubbing, scratching, or scrubbing the skin. Cold urticaria: Contact between the skin and cold. Heat urticaria: Contact between the skin and warmth/heat. Solar urticaria: UV light or sunlight.
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Forms of Urticaria
  • the spontaneous urticaria.
  • the physical urticaria and.
  • the group of other types.

What is urticaria characterized by?

Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common problem affecting about 20% of the general population at some point in their lives. It is characterized by wheals—discrete areas of swelling, erythema, and pruritus that are often surrounded by a pale halo.

What is the diagnosis for urticaria?

Urticaria is caused by immunoglobulin E- and non–immunoglobulin E-mediated release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils. Diagnosis is made clinically; anaphylaxis must be ruled out. Chronic urticaria is idiopathic in 80% to 90% of cases.

What is another name of urticaria?

Urticaria – also known as hives, weals, welts or nettle rash – is a raised, itchy rash that appears on the skin.

What is the medicine for urticaria?

Antihistamines. They are the first line treatment for all patients with CU. Classic H1 antihistamines with sedation as a side effect include chlorpheniramine, hydroxyzine, and diphenhydramine. Nonsedating second generation H1 antihistamines include loratadine, cetirizine, terfenadine, and mizolastine.

What is the most common cause of chronic urticaria?

Autoimmunity is thought to be one of the most frequent causes of chronic urticaria. Various autoimmune or endocrine diseases have been associated with urticaria, including systemic lupus erythematosus, cryoglobulinemia, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune thyroid disease (eg, Graves disease).

What is cholinergic urticaria?

Cholinergic urticaria is a physical type of urticaria caused by an increase in core body temperature after exercise, intake of spicy foods, or exposure to stress1. Lesions appear as itchy, numerous, small, 1 to 5 mm papules or wheals that last for a few minutes to a hour1,2.

What is the difference between urticaria and pruritus?

Pruritus is itchy skin that could have many different causes. Urticaria is a skin condition that causes hives and a stinging, tickling or burning sensation in areas of your skin. A symptom of urticaria is pruritus. While your brain is telling your body to scratch your itchy skin, try your best to avoid scratching.

Is urticaria Type 1 hypersensitivity?

Immunologic contact urticaria is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE antibodies specific to the eliciting substance or antigen. Once the IgE antibody binds to the antigen, vasoactive substances such as leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and histamine are released by mastocytes and basophils.

Is urticaria an allergy?

There are different types of hives (urticaria) and angioedema, including: Acute: Hives or swelling that last for less than six weeks are considered acute, meaning they come on suddenly. Allergic reactions to certain foods or medications often cause acute hives and swelling.

Why does urticaria occur?

Hives, also called urticaria, causes itchy welts that may be triggered by foods, medications or other substances. Changes in color of the affected area might be less visible on brown or Black skin. Hives — also called urticaria (ur-tih-KAR-e-uh) — is a skin reaction that causes itchy welts.

How is cholinergic urticaria treated?

Traditional treatment options for cholinergic urticaria are antihistamines, leukotriene inhibitors, and immunosuppressives. However, cholinergic urticaria in some patients may be refractory. Sometimes, an attack of cholinergic urticaria can be aborted by rapid cooling.

What triggers physical urticaria?

Physical urticaria is a condition in which red (erythematous) allergic skin lesions and itching (pruritus) are produced by exposure to heat, cold, or contact with chemicals or plants. These are called wheals by the medical community and may range in size from a couple of millimeters to a couple of centimeters.

Why does urticaria occur?

What are hives (urticaria)? Hives are raised red bumps (welts) or splotches on the skin. They are a type of swelling on the surface of your skin. They happen when your body has an allergic reaction to an allergen, a substance that’s harmless to most people.

What layer of skin does urticaria affect?

Urticaria is a transient erythematous swelling of the skin, associated with itching, which usually resolves within 24 hours. It is caused by degranulation of histamine containing cells (mast cells) in the superficial dermis.

What is the pathophysiology of urticaria?

Pathophysiology of Urticaria

Urticaria results from the release of histamine, bradykinin, kallikrein, and other vasoactive substances from mast cells and basophils in the superficial dermis, resulting in intradermal edema caused by capillary and venous vasodilation and occasionally caused by leukocyte infiltration.

Is urticaria related to blood?

Urticaria activity score is a useful tool for evaluation of urticaria. Complete blood count, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein are important investigations for diagnosis of infections in urticaria. Autologous serum skin test is a simple office procedure for diagnosis of auto reactive urticaria.

Does stress cause urticaria?

Introduction. Chronic urticaria (CU) belongs to a group of psychodermatological disorders, thus stress can play a significant role in this dermatosis onset and/or exacerbation. On the other hand, the disease itself accompanied by itch, may be a source of distress and could worsen patients’ quality of life (QoL).

Why is urticaria worse at night?

Nighttime. Hives and itching often worsen at night because that’s when the body’s natural anti-itch chemicals are at their lowest.

Is IgE elevated in urticaria?

Conclusions: Total serum IgE levels are frequently elevated in patients with chronic urticaria and these are associated with disease severity and duration.

Can urticaria cause high ESR?

The ESR may be elevated in persons with urticarial vasculitis. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) titers are indicated when urticarial vasculitis is suspected. ESR, CRP, ANA, and rheumatoid factor (RF) testing should be performed if additional features of an underlying rheumatologic disorder are found.

Can blood test detect hives?

Tests to diagnose hives. Tests which may be recommended (where relevant) in the case of chronic hives may include: Blood tests (to check for signs of anaemia)

What is normal IgE level?

Variations in the upper limit of normal total serum IgE have been reported: they can range from 150 to 1,000 UI/ml; but the usually accepted upper limit is between 150 and 300 UI/ml.