What are the types of VVF?

VVFs can be classified in various ways. Simple fistulas are usually small in size (≤0.5cm) and are present as single non-radiated fistulas. Complex fistulas include previously failed fistula repairs or large-sized (≥2.5 cm) fistulas, more often a result of chronic diseases or radiotherapy.

What are the complications of VVF?

[11] Complications include recurrent fistula formation, ureteric injury or obstruction, vaginal stenosis, reduced bladder capacity and irritative lower urinary tract symptoms.

What are the treatment of VVF?

How are vesicovaginal fistulas treated? The only way to fix vesicovaginal fistulas is with surgery to close off the opening. Sometimes additional procedures are needed to correct the original cause of the problem, such as damage to the bladder. Surgery to correct vesicovaginal fistulas is generally very successful.

What is the difference between VVF and RVF?

A recto-vaginal fistula (RVF) is produced only in the most prolonged episodes of obstruction, and so is usually associated with a severe vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) and neurological damage.

What are the symptoms of VVF?

If you have a vesicovaginal fistula (an opening between your vagina and bladder), urine will constantly leak from your bladder into your vagina. This can make you unable to control your urination (incontinent).
…
Other symptoms of vaginal fistulas include:
  • Fever.
  • Belly pain.
  • Diarrhea.
  • Weight loss.
  • Nausea.
  • Vomiting.

What are the causes of VVF?

The most common cause of vesico-vaginal fistula is obstructed labor, early marriage, poverty, and women’s limited control over the use of family resources. Women and girls with this disability are often abandoned by their husbands and isolated from the community due to the smell and associated shame of urine leakage.

What are the three types of fistula?

The three most common AVFs are the radiocephalic fistula, the brachiocephalic fistula, and the brachial artery–to–transposed basilic vein fistula.

How can you tell the difference between VVF and UVF?

Cystoscopy with bilateral retrograde pyelogram is necessary for the diagnosis and differentiation between ureterovaginal and vesicovaginal fistula. A double dye test may also be useful for differentiating vesicovaginal and ureterovaginal fistulae.

What is the most common complication of AV fistula?

Heart failure.

This is the most serious complication of large arteriovenous fistulas. Blood flows more quickly through an arteriovenous fistula than it does through typical blood vessels. The increased blood flow makes the heart pump harder. Over time, the strain on the heart can lead to heart failure.

What happens if a bladder fistula is left untreated?

Fistula tracts must be treated because they will not heal on their own. There is a risk of developing cancer in the fistula tract if left untreated for a long period of time. Most fistulas are simple to treat. Either the tract or fistula can be opened or the tract and the pocket inside are completely removed.

What are some of the social consequences of obstetric fistula?

Women who experience obstetric fistula suffer constant incontinence, shame, social segregation and health problems. It is estimated that more than 2 million young women live with untreated obstetric fistula in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

What are complications of Cystocele?

A cystocele may put pressure on or lead to a kink in the urethra and cause urinary retention, a condition in which you are unable to empty all the urine from your bladder. In rare cases, a cystocele may result in a kink in the ureters and cause urine to build up in the kidney, which can lead to kidney damage.

Which medicine is best for fistula?

Anal Fistulas and Fissures Medication
  • Laxatives, Bulk-Producing.
  • Vasodilators.
  • Anxiolytics, Benzodiazepines.
  • Antibiotics.
  • Calcium Channel Blockers.
  • Neuromuscular Blockers, Botulinum Toxins.

When should a fistula be removed?

What You Should Know About Fistula Removal. While some fistulas can be treated with antibiotics and other medication, fistula removal surgery may be necessary if the infection doesn’t respond to medication or if the fistula is severe enough to require emergency surgery.

What antibiotics treat fistula?

Antibiotics alone are not effective in treating abscesses or fistula.

What are the three common sites of fistulas?

The three most common AVFs are the radiocephalic fistula, the brachiocephalic fistula, and the brachial artery-to-transposed basilic vein fistula. Although many potential access site stenoses can and do occur within any given fistula, each fistula has a characteristic site of stenosis.

What is the main cause of fistula?

Fistulas are usually the result of an injury or surgery. Infection or inflammation can also cause a fistula to form. Crohn disease is an inflammation of the intestines caused by immune response to an infection. The lining of the intestine may ulcerate and form channels of infection, called fistulas.