Examples of volume expanders
What IV fluids are volume expanders?
Normal saline or lactated Ringer’s solution is the fluid of choice for volume expansion. Large-volume blood loss may be corrected by the administration of O-negative blood. The use of albumin-containing solutions should be avoided.
What are volume expander drugs?
Plasma volume expanders (PVEs) are fluids given intravenously to increase or retain the volume of fluid in the circulatory system. They are used to treat cardiogenic shock (a life-threatening condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood that is needed by the body).
What are examples of plasma expanders?
List of Plasma expanders:
| Drug Name | Reviews |
|---|---|
| Hextend (Pro) Generic name: hetastarch | No reviews |
| Hespan (Pro) Generic name: hetastarch | No reviews |
| Flexbumin (Pro) Generic name: albumin human | No reviews |
| Dextran 70 6% in 5% Dextrose Generic name: dextran, high molecular weight | No reviews |
What is the most commonly used plasma expander?
The plasma expanders most widely used are isotonic crystalloids and synthetic colloids. Albumin, due to its cost and the traceability requirements inherent to all blood-derived products, is rarely prescribed as first-line treatment.
Is dextran a blood volume expander?
High-molecular weight dextran is a plasma volume expander made from natural sources of sugar (glucose). It works by restoring blood plasma lost through severe bleeding. Severe blood loss can decrease oxygen levels and can lead to organ failure, brain damage, coma, and possibly death.
Is a ringers lactate a plasma expander?
This review of the literature has revealed that isotonic fluids, such as 0.9 percent sodium chloride and Ringer’s lactate, are effective plasma volume expanders.
Is albumin a volume expander?
The expansion of the plasma volume did not depend on the concentration of the solutions given but only on the amount of albumin given and the deficit in plasma volume. Since albumin is a good plasma expander and a drug with a few secondary effects it is recommended in the treatment of shock.
Which of the following is a plasma volume expanders?
Gelofusine is a colloid volume expander which may be used as a blood plasma replacement when a significant amount of blood is lost due to extreme hemorrhagia, trauma, dehydration, or a similar event.
What is the purpose of plasma expanders?
By design, plasma expanders increase the oncotic pressure of plasma, which can promote retention of water within the bloodstream and thereby can maintain or increase blood pressure to counteract blood loss or the shift of water from blood to tissue compartments.
Is Ringer lactate colloid or crystalloid?
isotonic crystalloid solutions
Use isotonic crystalloid solutions such as Ringer’s lactate or normal saline. A colloid solution (albumin, starches, dextran) is preferred if the blood pressure has to be restored urgently.
What are colloid volume expanders?
Colloids volume expanders contain larger insoluble molecules, such as gelatin or hydroxyethyl starch, and theoretically increase the intravascular volume but not interstitial and intracellular volumes.
Is dextrose a crystalloid or colloid?
Dextrose 5% in Water (D5 or D5W, an intravenous sugar solution) A crystalloid that is both isotonic and hypotonic, administered for hypernatremia and to provide free water for the kidneys.
What are plasma expanders in pharmacology?
Plasma expanders are hyperoncotic and/or hypertonic fluids that expand the circulating blood volume to a greater extent than isotonic/iso-oncotic fluids. Typically, colloidal solutions are used to expand the plasma volume. However, hypertonic crystalloid solutions also provide short-term plasma expansion.
What is the definition of dextran?
dex·​tran ˈdek-stran. -strən. : any of numerous glucose biopolymers of variable molecular weight that are produced especially by the fermentation of sucrose by bacteria (such as genus Leuconostoc), are found in dental plaque, and are used especially in blood plasma substitutes.
What substitutes are available for plasma?
Plasma Substitute
- Hetastarch.
- Dextran.
- Protein.
- DNA.
- Albumin.
- Gelatin.
- Sodium Chloride.
What is difference between dextran and dextrose?
Dextran 40 is a linear glucose polymer (polysaccharide) chemically designated (C6 H10 O5)n. Dextrose, USP is chemically designated D-glucose monohydrate (C6 H12 O6 • H2O), a hexose sugar freely soluble in water. Sodium Chloride, USP is chemically designated NaCl, a white crystalline powder freely soluble in water.
What is the generic name for dextran?
Gentran, LMD (dextran) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more.