What are tie rods and spacers in heat exchanger?

Tie rods and spacers are used to hold the tube bundle together and to locate the shell baffles in the correct position. Tie rods are circular metal rods screwed into the stationary tubesheet and secured at the farthest baffle by lock nuts. The number of tie rods depends on shell diameter and is specified, by TEMA.

What are baffle spacers?

The Spacer Company Baffle Spacer allows you to customise the trench or duct layout for applications that may not be possible with our Standard Conduit Spacer range. You can supply your own CAD data in DXF format or have our team provide you with a design to suit your application.

What are the parts of heat exchanger?

The principal components of shell-and-tube heat exchangers are:
  • Tubes.
  • Tubesheet.
  • Shell and Shell-Side Nozzles.
  • Tube-Side Channel and Nozzles.
  • Baffles.
  • Tie-rods.

What are baffle spacers and tie rods?

Tie rods and spacers are used for two reasons: 1) hold the baffle assembly together; and 2) maintain the selected baffle spacing. … They hold the baffle assembly together. The spacers are placed over the tie rods between each baffle to maintain the selected baffle pitch.

What is the purpose of baffle?

Baffles are flow-directing or obstructing vanes or panels used to direct a flow of liquid or gas. It is used in some household stoves and in some industrial process vessels (tanks), such as shell and tube heat exchangers, chemical reactors, and static mixers.

What is clearance in heat exchanger?

Clearance is the distance between tubes. It should be larger than 25% of the tube diameter. Triangular or square arrangement of tubes are quite common.

What is tube sheet in heat exchanger?

Tube sheets have holes drilled to accept a series of tubes inside of an enclosed tubular pressure vessel. These pressure vessels, commonly referred to as shell and tube heat exchangers, are the most common heat exchangers used in oil refineries and large chemical plants.

What is sealing strip in heat exchanger?

The purpose of sealing strips is to reduce the effect of the bundle bypass stream that flows around the outside of the tube bundle. They are usually thin strips of metal that fit into slots in the baffles and extend outward toward the shell wall to block the bypass flow and force it back into the tube bundle.

What is shell and tube type heat exchanger?

As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a large pressure vessel) with a bundle of tubes inside it. One fluid runs through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to transfer heat between the two fluids.

What is double Tubesheet?

Double tubesheets are used for applications where the mixing of the tube-side fluid and the shell-side fluid must be avoided. In the event of leaks occurring where the extremities of the tubes are expanded into the tubesheet, the tube-side fluid would leak between the two tubesheets instead of leaking into the shell.

What are TEMA standards?

TEMA stands for “Tubular Exchangers Manufacturers Association” and is a set of standards that were developed by leading shell and tube manufacturers. These standards define the style of heat exchanger and the machining and assembly tolerances.

What is the use of baffles in heat exchanger?

Baffles serve two functions: Most importantly, they support the tubes in the proper position during assembly and operation and prevent vibration of the tubes caused by flow-induced eddies, and secondly, they guide the shell-side flow back and forth across the tube field, increasing the velocity and the heat transfer …

What is floating head in heat exchanger?

Floating head heat exchanger is one of the most used heat exchanger. As shown in the name of it, in this design, one end of the tubesheet is fixed to the shell, while the other one can “float” freely inside the shell.

What is a double tubesheet heat exchanger?

Double-tube-sheet heat exchangers are used for applications wherein mixing of tube-side and shell-side fluid must be avoided. For instance, chlorosilanes, while being either on the shell or tube side, can leak through tube-to-tube-sheet joints and mix with water on the other side.

How does a double pipe heat exchanger work?

A double-pipe heat transfer exchanger consists of one or more pipes placed concentrically inside another pipe of a larger diameter with appropriate fittings to direct the flow from one section to the next. One fluid flows through the inner pipe (tube side), and the other flows through the annular space (annulus).

What is tube and shell side?

The tubes carry a fluid from their inlet to their outlet (the “tube-side” flow), while the shell passes a separate fluid over these tubes (the “shell-side” flow).

How many gaskets are in a floating head exchanger?

This joint has two gaskets, one between the shell flange and tube-sheet, and the other between the tube-sheet and the channel flange. Both gaskets are compressed by a single set of fasteners. These are exposed to the atmosphere; the pressure is only internal.

What is AES type heat exchanger?

AES/AET- These units are the most expensive of the removable bundle designed units. The floating head is internal to the shell. Tubes can be cleaned mechanically , chemically, water blasted or steam cleaned.

What is the difference between double pipe and shell and tube heat exchanger?

One fluid hot or cold flow in shell and other hot or cold flow in the tubes. Also in case of shell & tube(S&T) the hot fluid will have more turbulence than in double pipe heat exchanger (HE) since there are no of tubes within a shell the area for convective heat transfer is considerably increased.

What is parallel flow heat exchanger?

In heat exchanger. This flow arrangement is called parallel flow. Heat is transferred from the warm fluid through the wall of the inner tube (the so-called heating surface) to the cold fluid. A heat exchanger can also be operated in counterflow, in which the two fluids flow in parallel but opposite directions.

What is a floating head?

Definition of floating head

: a flesh hoop of a drum entirely free from the shell.

Which is better double pipe or shell and tube?

When compared, the shell and tube heat exchanger seems to be more efficient than the double pipe heat exchanger as it has multiple passes for the fluid and can hence stay longer in contact with the material that is being heated.