What is the molecular formula of deoxyribose
What is the right molecular formula for deoxyribose?
| IUPAC Name | (3S,4R)-3,4,5-trihydroxypentanal |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C5H10O4 |
| Molar Mass | 134.131 g/mol |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C5H10O4/c6-2-1-4(8)5(9)3-7/h2,4-5,7-9H,1,3H2/t4-,5+/m0/s1 |
| InChI Key | ASJSAQIRZKANQN-CRCLSJGQSA-N |
What type of molecule is deoxyribose?
Deoxyribose is the five-carbon sugar molecule that helps form the phosphate backbone of DNA molecules. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer formed of many nucleic acids. Each nucleic acid is composed of a deoxyribose molecule bound to both a phosphate group and either a purine or a pyrimidine.
What is deoxyribose in DNA?
Deoxyribose is the sugar component of DNA, just as ribose serves that role in RNA (ribonucleic acid). Alternating with phosphate bases, deoxyribose forms the backbone of the DNA, binding to the nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.
What is a deoxyribose monosaccharide?
Deoxyribose, or more precisely 2-deoxyribose, is a monosaccharide with idealized formula H−(C=O)−(CH2)−(CHOH)3−H. Its name indicates that it is a deoxy sugar, meaning that it is derived from the sugar ribose by loss of an oxygen atom. Deoxyribose is most notable for its presence in DNA.
Are deoxyribose and ribose isomers?
Deoxyribose is originally derived from ribose by removal of an oxygen atom from the 2′ hydroxyl group. Thus, it is also called 2-deoxyribose. Like ribose, deoxyribose also has two optical isomers, a D-deoxyribose and an L-deoxyribose.
How is deoxyribose numbered?
The sugar present in the DNA is 2’deoxyribose, a five carbon monosaccharide, which is devoid of oxygen in its 2′ position, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid. The carbon atoms present in the deoxyribose are numbered 1′, 2′, 3′, 4′ and 5′.
What does deoxyribose mean in biology?
Definition. (1) An aldopentose (i.e. a monosaccharide with five carbon atoms) derived from the pentose sugar ribose by the replacement of a hydroxyl group with a hydrogen atom at the 2 position, leading to the net loss of an oxygen atom (hence the name).
Why does DNA use deoxyribose?
Due to its deoxyribose sugar, which contains one less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group, DNA is a more stable molecule than RNA, which is useful for a molecule which has the task of keeping genetic information safe. RNA, containing a ribose sugar, is more reactive than DNA and is not stable in alkaline conditions.
What does deoxy mean in DNA?
The term “deoxy” refers to the fact that there is no oxygen attached to the 2′ carbon atom. There is a molecule that is similar to DNA but has an oxygen atom at this position. Its sugar is therefore called ribose and its name is ribonucleic acid or RNA.
What is deoxyribose used for?
Deoxyribose is a pentose sugar important in the formation of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid. Deoxyribose is a key building block of DNA. Its chemical structure allows for the replication of cells in DNA’s double helix configuration.
Where is deoxyribose found in DNA?
The sugars in the backbone
The backbone of DNA is based on a repeated pattern of a sugar group and a phosphate group. The full name of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, gives you the name of the sugar present – deoxyribose.
Why is deoxyribose called deoxyribose?
The carbons in the pentagon are numbered from 1′-4′, starting with the carbon found to the right of the oxygen and moving clockwise. The sugar in DNA is called a deoxyribose because it doesn’t have a hydroxyl group at the 2′ position. Instead it just has a hydrogen.
Is deoxyribose a purine or pyrimidine?
Purines are heterocyclic amines consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to a five-member ring with two nitrogen atoms.
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Table 17.1. 1: Composition of Nucleotides in DNA and RNA.
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Table 17.1. 1: Composition of Nucleotides in DNA and RNA.
| Composition | DNA | RNA |
|---|---|---|
| pyrimidine bases | cytosine and thymine | cytosine and uracil |
| pentose sugar | 2-deoxyribose | ribose |
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Oct 25, 2016
Is 2-deoxyribose a carbohydrate?
Deoxyribose C5H10O4 is not a carbohydrate.
What is the definition cytosine?
Listen to pronunciation. (SY-toh-seen) A chemical compound that is used to make one of the building blocks of DNA and RNA. It is a type of pyrimidine.
What is ribose and deoxyribose sugar?
Ribose and deoxyribose are monosaccharides or simple sugars. They are aldopentoses and undergo phosphorylation to form deoxyribonucleotide and ribonucleotide. They are of great biological importance that help in the formation of blueprint of an organism that is passed on to generations.
What is the shape of a DNA molecule?
The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around one another to form a shape known as a double helix. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
Is cytosine A pyrimidine?
cytosine, a nitrogenous base derived from pyrimidine that occurs in nucleic acids, the heredity-controlling components of all living cells, and in some coenzymes, substances that act in conjunction with enzymes in chemical reactions in the body.
What is cytosine chemical formula?
What does DNA cytosine do?
Cytosine is an important part of DNA and RNA, where it is one of the nitrogenous bases coding the genetic information these molecules carry. Cytosine can even be modified into different bases to carry epigenetic information. Cytosine has other roles in the cell, too, as the energy carrier and cofactor CTP.