What factors do energy and nutrient requirements depend on?

Energy requirement depends on age, gender, body weight and activity level: e.g. a saleslady with 56 kg body weight, mostly standing during work, needs about 2000 kcal a day. Body weight is associated with energy balance. If energy intake is higher than energy expenditure, body weight will increase.

What are the 5 factors that affect your total energy needs?

5 Most Important Factors That Affect Total Daily Energy…
  • What Determines Your Resting Metabolic Rate? …
  • Physical Activity. …
  • Diet-Related Thermogenesis. …
  • Climate and Temperature. …
  • Calorigenic Effect of Food Combined with Exercise. …
  • Pregnancy. …
  • The Bottom Line.

What increases energy requirements?

Resistance training is an effective way to increase energy requirements, decrease body-fat mass, and maintain metabolically active tissue mass in healthy older people and may be useful as an adjunct to weight-control programs for older adults.

How does physical activity affect energy requirements?

Energy expenditure rises above resting energy expenditure when physical activity is performed. The activity-induced energy expenditure varies with the muscle mass involved and the intensity at which the activity is performed: it ranges between 2 and 18 METs approximately.

How do energy requirements vary?

The amount of energy we need tends to increase as we approach adulthood. The energy needs of adults go down as they age. For example, people in their 50s need about 17% less energy in their diet than people in their 30s.

How Does height affect energy requirements?

Higher weight results in higher energy requirement through a higher resting requirement because of a higher maintenance cost of a larger body. … Food intake induces changes in energy expenditure as a function of changes in body size and body composition.

How does age affect energy requirement?

Age. Children and adolescents need more energy for growth and development in comparison to adults. As individuals grow older, their energy requirements reduce as their body composition changes leading to a reduction in BMR. Many people also become less active as they get older.

Why energy is required?

Energy is required for all activities. It is needed to cook, provide light and heat, to propel vehicles and to drive machinery in industries. Energy can be generated through fuel minerals like coal petroleum, natural gas, uranium and from electricity.

What are the 3 main components of energy expenditure?

Abstract. Daily energy expenditure is composed of three major components: 1) resting metabolic rate (RMR); 2) the thermic effect of feeding (TEF); and 3) the thermic effect of activity (TEA).

What is constrained energy expenditure?

Introduction. The constrained total energy expenditure (TEE) model posits that, in humans and other endothermic species, TEE is homeostatically constrained within a narrow range1. The model predicts that, within low-to-moderate physical activity (PA) levels, increases in PA lead to increases in TEE.

Which of the following is not a factor that determines how much energy we need?

Answer: c) Nationality is the correct answer.

What are four factors related to energy expenditure that are associated with successful endurance athletes?

Endurance athletes show training seasonal fluctuations in TEE, energy intake, and body composition. Dietary recommendations should consider the actual training load, TEE, and body composition goals.

How do you estimate energy requirements based on physical activity levels and other relevant factors?

Multiplying the PAL by the BMR gives the actual energy requirements. For example, a male with a PAL of 1.75 and a mean BMR of 7.10 MJ/day (1 697 kcal/day) would have a mean energy requirement of 1.75 × 7.10 = 12.42 MJ/day (2 970 kcal/day).

What are the components of total energy requirement?

Gender, age and body weight are the main determinants of total energy expenditure. Thus, energy requirements are presented separately for each gender and various age groups, and are expressed both as energy units per day and energy per kilogram of body weight.

What are the 4 components of energy expenditure?

Total energy expenditure (TEE) consists of four components, i.e., the sleeping metabolic rate (SMR), the energy cost of arousal, the thermic effect of food or diet-induced energy expenditure (DEE), and the energy cost of physical activity or AEE.

What is the most effective way to increase energy expenditure?

The most effective way to increase energy expenditure is to exercise more. Lifting weights will provide a smaller increase in energy expenditure. Eating foods that stimulate the thermic effect of food will produce a relatively insignificant increase in energy expenditure.

What are the four components of energy expenditure in reference to energy balance?

Daily energy expenditure consists of four components: sleeping metabolic rate, the energy cost of arousal, the thermic effect of food (or diet induced energy expenditure (DEE)), and the energy cost of physical activity or activity-induced energy expenditure (AEE).

What may be the effect when energy output exceeds energy input?

When energy expenditure exceeds energy intake, energy balance is negative and leads to weight loss.

Which of the 4 factors makes up 70% of your tee?

Energy Expenditure and Substrate Oxidation in Subjects with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treated with Antiretroviral Drugs. Resting energy expenditure (REE) represents 60% to 70% of total energy expenditure (TEE).

Which of the following factors raises the BMR?

Amount of physical activity – hard-working muscles need plenty of energy to burn. Regular exercise increases muscle mass and teaches the body to burn kilojoules at a faster rate, even when at rest. Drugs – like caffeine or nicotine, can increase the BMR.

Why do we need to balance our energy requirements?

Energy balance is important. When you consume too much energy and burn too little, your body stores that excess energy as body fat. And being overweight increases your risk for several cancers, including colon, pancreatic, endometrial and post-menopausal breast cancer.

What are the factors that contribute to both sides of the energy balance equation?

The energy balance equation has two sides: the calories in (consumption) and calories out (expenditure). The calories in side is made up of carbohydrates, protein, and fat. This side of the equation is very simple to understand because it is only affected by the amount of food you eat.