What punctuation is used after an independent clause?

Use a colon after an ‘independent clause’ to introduce a list. The most common use of the colon is to introduce both unformatted and bulleted lists. To use the colon correctly in American English, you must make sure that sentence that comes before the colon is a complete, grammatical sentence.

How do you introduce a list in an independent clause?

The colon is used chiefly to introduce a list, quotation, or explanation following an independent clause (complete sentence). Use a colon at the end of a complete statement to introduce a list.

What punctuation is used to introduce a list?

colon
A colon is used to give emphasis, present dialogue, introduce lists or text, and clarify composition titles.

What punctuation is used after a list?

Punctuation is used to separate the items in the list. The usual way of doing this is to place a comma after each item in the list: The school has a vegetable garden in which the children grow cabbages, onions, potatoes, and carrots. The last item in a list is often preceded by the words and or or.

How do you punctuate a list after a colon?

When listing items one by one, one per line, following a colon, capitalization and ending punctuation are optional when using single words or phrases preceded by letters, numbers, or bullet points. If each point is a complete sentence, capitalize the first word and end the sentence with appropriate ending punctuation.

How do you introduce a list question?

A: Yes, a series of questions in the middle of a sentence, surrounded by dashes or parentheses, is punctuated in just that way. Each question begins with a lowercase letter and ends with a question mark, according to language guides.

Do you use commas or semicolons in a list?

Use a semicolon between items in a list or series if any of the items contain commas. There are basically two ways to write: with a pen or pencil, which is inexpensive and easily accessible; or by computer and printer, which is more expensive but quick and neat.

How do you introduce a list?

Most importantly, a list must be introduced by a lead-in sentence (or clause) that contains both a subject and a verb. Technical writers often use the expression “the following” somewhere in the lead-in sentence to clearly indicate that a list of items will follow.

Can a semicolon be used to introduce a list?

Semicolons can be used to link items in a list, such as objects, locations, names and descriptions. Where the list items already contain commas, a semicolon helps avoid confusion between the items; in this way the semicolon acts like a ‘super comma’.

How do you use semicolons to separate items in a list?

Semicolons separate items within a list, while a colon precedes and introduces a list.
  1. He took three things on the hike; his lunch, his binoculars, and his trusty walking stick.
  2. He took three things on the hike: his lunch, his binoculars, and his trusty walking stick.

When items in a list already contain commas?

When a list within a sentence contains three or more items, use a serial comma before the final item. We gathered information about participants’ age, gender, and socioeconomic status. However, if any item in a list of three or more items already contains commas, use semicolons instead of commas between the items.

Do you use and after semicolon?

It is generally considered acceptable to place a semicolon before and or but in order to break up a very long sentence, especially when there are already multiple commas/clauses.

What is semicolon used for?

Semicolons with independent clauses

Use a semicolon to join two related independent clauses in place of a comma and a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet). Make sure when you use the semicolon that the connection between the two independent clauses is clear without the coordinating conjunction.

What does semicolon mean example?

A semicolon (;) is a punctuation mark that has two main functions: Semicolons separate items in a complex list. For example, The Council is comprised of ten members: three from Sydney, Australia; four from Auckland, New Zealand; two from Suva, Fiji; and one from Honiara, Solomon Islands.

Can I use and after?

If the question refers to commas in a list of things, the answer is no. Some people put the comma before the “and” while others leave it out, but it definitely does not go after. It is possible to follow an “and” with a comma that serves another function: “He walked into town and, while he was there, enjoyed a curry.”

Can you put and after?

If the word “and” is used to join two independent clauses, then there should be a comma before the “and” and never after it. You might want to include a comma after the “and”, but this is never correct.

Do u put a comma after Because?

Use commas after introductory a) clauses, b) phrases, or c) words that come before the main clause. a. Common starter words for introductory clauses that should be followed by a comma include after, although, as, because, if, since, when, while.

Is there a comma after and in a list?

When making a list, commas are the most common way to separate one list item from the next. The final two items in the list are usually separated by “and” or “or”, which should be preceeded by a comma. Amongst editors this final comma in a list is known as the “Oxford Comma”.

What is the comma after and called?

serial comma
In English-language punctuation, a serial comma (also called a series comma, Oxford comma, or Harvard comma) is a comma placed immediately after the penultimate term (i.e., before the coordinating conjunction, such as and or or) in a series of three or more terms.

Do you put a comma after and at the beginning of a sentence?

Do not use a comma after an initial “and” or “but” unless it is the first of a pair of commas that set off a parenthetical phrase.

How do you use commas in a list example?

Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma.