What are the two major acute coronary syndromes?

The term acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to any group of clinical symptoms compatible with acute myocardial ischemia and includes unstable angina (UA), non—ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

What are examples of acute coronary syndromes?

Acute coronary syndrome refers to a group of diseases in which blood flow to the heart is decreases. Some examples include ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, and unstable angina.

What is the primary cause of acute coronary syndrome?

ACS is caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits or plaque in the blood vessels. These deposits restrict the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the heart. If a plaque formation ruptures and a blood clot forms, then blood flow to the heart can be shut off altogether.

What are the types of coronary artery disease?

Many people think of coronary artery disease as plaque buildup in your arteries, or atherosclerosis. But plaque buildup occurs in only one type of coronary heart disease.
…
Types of coronary heart disease
  • Obstructive coronary artery disease.
  • Nonobstructive coronary artery disease.
  • Spontaneous coronary artery dissection.

What is the difference between angina and acute coronary syndrome?

Definition. Acute coronary syndrome encompasses unstable angina, non-ST elevation MI (new term for non-Q wave MI, often referred to as non-STEMI), and ST elevation MI (new term for Q wave MI, often referred to as STEMI).

What are 4 types of heart disease?

4 of the main types are described on this page.
  • Coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease occurs when the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle is blocked or reduced. …
  • Strokes and TIAs. …
  • Peripheral arterial disease. …
  • Aortic disease.

What are the 4 most common cardiovascular diseases?

There are four main types of CVD:
  • coronary heart disease.
  • stroke.
  • peripheral arterial disease.
  • aortic disease.

What is Acute coronary artery Syndrome?

Overview. Acute coronary syndrome is a term used to describe a range of conditions associated with sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart. One such condition is a heart attack (myocardial infarction) — when cell death results in damaged or destroyed heart tissue.

What is acute coronary artery syndrome?

Overview. Acute coronary syndrome is a term used to describe a range of conditions associated with sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart. One such condition is a heart attack (myocardial infarction) — when cell death results in damaged or destroyed heart tissue.

What is used to categorize patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome?

Classify the patient into one of three clinical groups: ST-elevation myocardial infarction, or STEMI; non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome; or low to intermediate risk acute coronary syndrome. ST-elevation MI (STEMI).

Is acute coronary syndrome a diagnosis?

The information from these two tests — as well as your signs and symptoms — is used to make a primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Your doctor can use the information to determine whether your condition can be classified as a heart attack or unstable angina.

What is acute coronary syndrome NHS?

A heart attack is a form of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), where there is a significant blockage in the coronary arteries. The 3 main types of ACS include: ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) unstable angina.

What is the initial drug therapy for ACS?

Morphine (or fentanyl) for pain control, oxygen, sublingual or intravenous (IV) nitroglycerin, soluble aspirin 162-325 mg, and clopidogrel with a 300- to 600-mg loading dose are given as initial treatment.

Which class of medications commonly given to patients with acute coronary syndromes may be?

Antiplatelet agents (aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors), anticoagulants and coronary revascularisation are the mainstay in the early treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and their use likely improves prognosis.

What is the most common pathophysiologic precipitating event for ACS?

Acute coronary syndromes are responsible for more than half a million hospital admissions each year in the United States alone. Plaque rupture is the precipitating pathophysiologic event.

Why is there chest pain in ACS?

These potentially life-threatening conditions occur when a blockage causes blood flow to your heart to suddenly slow or stop. People with ACS can experience unstable angina or a heart attack (myocardial infarction). Common signs include chest pain or pressure (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea) or dizziness.

Is acute coronary syndrome curable?

With lifestyle changes and the right medication, it is possible to prevent acute coronary syndrome or to treat it and lead a normal life.

Why is aspirin given for ACS?

Aspirin in Acute Coronary Syndrome

1: Aspirin acts to inhibit the activity of the cyclooxygenase enzyme and thus attenuates the production of prostaglandins and thromboxane. 2: The ADP receptor antagonists bind to the P2Y12 receptor to prevent ADP-induced platelet activation.

How long does it take to recover from acute coronary syndrome?

The median and the mean times of recovery of ACS patients are three and four days, respectively. The current findings are a little bit different from duration of recovery date in the study done by the European Society of Cardiology in which ACS patients recovered within 2–3 days of treatment.

What is non critical CAD?

Noncritical coronary artery stenosis was defined as stenosis affecting less than 70% of the diameter. Ventricular volumes and left ventricular ejection frac- tions were calculated using single plane methods.